BIO-ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF VARIOUS SPECIES OF APHID AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES
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Date
1998
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
Studies were carried out on population dynamics of various species of aphid viz., Aphis craccivora Koch., Aphis gossypii Glover, Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach and Uroleucon compoaitae Theobald and their natural enemies, reproductive behaviour of Menochilus aexmaculatus Fab. and Xanthogramma scutellare Fab. fed with Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. and Aphis craccivora Koch. reared on their respective host plants, toxicity of botanicals, synthetic and ready-mix insecticides against Diaeretiella rapae M'Intosh, a parasitoid of Lipaphis erysimi Kalt., effect of temperature on emergence of aphid parasitoids, reproductive behaviour of Lipaphis erysimi Kalt., on its host crops and bio-efficacy of various plant materials against Aphis craccivora Koch, during 1995-96 to 1996-97. The activity of A. craccivora was more severe and for longer period on Wal (Indian bean)-125-36 than cowpea 82-lB and groundnut J-11 during kharif and showed negative correlationship with maximum temperature on indian bean. The coccinellids (Menochilus aexmaculatus and Coccinella septempunctata) and syrphids (Xanthogramma scutellare and Paragus serratua) were found as major predators of A, craccivora. The activity of A. gossypii was found more severe on cotton H-6 than bhendi Parbhani Kranti and brinjal Morbi Bhada, The activity of M. sexmaculatua and Chryaopa carnea was found on cotton aphid, whereas M. sexmaculatua was found as a major predator of A. gossypii on bhendi and brinjal. The activity of A. gossypii was negatively influenced by mean temperature on cotton and brinjal and morning relative humidity on bhendi. The activity of L. erysimi was found after three weeks of transplanting of cabbage Sutton Express and cauliflower Pusa Vaishakhi seedlings, whereas activity of predators, M. sexmaculatua, C. septempunctata, X. scutellare and P. serratua and parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae was observed within two to four and three weeks of aphid incidence respectively. The sunshine hours and range of temperature showed negative and positive influence on activity of L. erysimi on cabbage and cauliflower respectively, while morning vapour pressure and minimum temperature had positive influence on parasitization of L. erysimi on cabbage and cauliflower respectively. The higher population build up of L. erysimi was observed on radish Pusa deshi and late sown mustard Varuna than early sown mustard Varuna. The activity of both the lady birdbeetles (M. sexmaculatus, C. septempunctata and unknown species) and syrphids (X. scutellare and P. serratus) was observed on radish and late sown mustard, whereas only syrphids were found on early sown mustard. The range of temperature showed positive influence on L. erysimi activity on radish and early and late sown mustard. D. rapae was found as a major parasitoid of L. erysimi on late sown mustard and its activity positively correlated with minimum temperature. The activity U. compositae was observed on six weeks old safflower Bhima crop, whereas its predators C. septempunctata, Brumus suturalis, X. scutellare and P. serratus appeared after three weeks of its incidence. Windspeed had negative influence on activity of U. compositae on safflower.
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AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY, AGRICULTURE, A STUDY