STUDIES ON INTESTINAL HELMINTHIC PARASITES IN DOGS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT By
| dc.contributor.advisor | Dr.K.PADMAJA | |
| dc.contributor.author | PRADEEP KUMAR ., V | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-12-27T11:50:55Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-12-27T11:50:55Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 42668 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The present investigation was carried out to study the incidence, EPG, hemato-biochemical findings and therapeutic efficacy of pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole and ivermectin drugs in treatment of intestinal helminthic parasitic infection in dogs. Randomly selected 482 dogs that were presented to the Veterinary Hospital, Bhoiguda and Campus Veterinary Hospital, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad from December, 2015 to June, 2016 were screened for intestinal helminthic infection by different techniques (gross, direct faecal smear, sedimentation and flotation). Out of which 120 (24.89%) dogs were found positive for intestinal helminthic infection. Ten apparently healthy dogs (Group I) which were negative for intestinal helminthic parasitic infection were selected, subjected to hematological and biochemical investigations and they served as healthy control group. Dogs positive for intestinal helminthic infection were randomly divided into three groups (II, III and IV) with each group having 10 positive cases. Among 120 positive cases 58 pups were in the age group 0 to 6 months with an incidence of 48.33% followed by 36 young adults of 6 months to 2 years (30%) and 18 adults of 2 to 6 years (15%) and least in 08 dogs (6.67%) which were more than 6 years of age. Incidence of positive cases in accordance to breed was high in 49 (40.84%) non-descript dogs (Mongrels) followed by 23(19.16%) Pomeranian, 18 (15%) Labrador Retriever, 14 (11.67%) German Shepherd, 09 (7.5%) Golden Retriever, 04 (3.33%) Rottweiler and 03 (2.5%) Pug breeds of dogs. Out of 120, 65 were males and 55 were females. Though incidence of males and females harbouring parasites were 54.1% and 45.83%, respectively there was no significant difference in relation with sex of dogs. During screening of 482 dogs by direct, sedimentation and flotation techniques different intestinal helminthic parasite ova were found viz., Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis along with gross gravid segments of Dipylidium caninum and the rate of incidence was 78 (65%), 32 (26.67%) and 10 (8.33%), respectively. Ancylostoma caninum was the most common infection in dogs followed by Toxocara canis and Dipylidium caninum Single helminthic parasitic infection had highest incidence rate of 90.83% (109 samples) whereas 9.17% (11 samples) had mixed parasitic infection. From 120 positive cases for intestinal helminthic parasites, 10 cases were positive for gravid segments of Dipylidium caninum on gross examination of faeces, but eggs were not detected in faecal examination hence they were not included for therapeutic trails. Out of 110 dogs, 30 were randomly selected for therapeutic trails and divided into 3 equal groups viz., group II, group III and group IV with 10 animals in each. The mean temperature (0F) in dogs of group II, III and IV were 100.9 ± 0.02, 101.3 ± 0.12 and 101.5 ± 0.023, respectively. The colour of conjunctival mucus membrane varied from normal (17), pale (10) and congested (03), consistency of the faeces was found to be semi solid (13), loose (09) and normal (08), colour of the faeces varied from black (12), brown (11) and yellowish-brown (07) and the odour of the faeces was found to be foul smelling (17) and normal (13) in dogs of groups II, III and IV. Analysis of blood from the 30 positive cases revealed significant (p<0.01) decrease in mean values of hemoglobin (10.87 ± 0.16, 11.27 ± 0.31 and 11.01 ± 0.08 g/dl), PCV (38.16 ± 0.21, 37.52 ± 0.58 and 38.74 ± 0.37 %), TEC (5.12 ± 0.09, 5.37 ± 0.61 and 5.28 ± 0.25 106 cells/mm3) and lymphocytes (26.52 ± 0.52, 27.12 ± 0.36 and 25.22 ± 0.15%) in dogs of group II, III and IV, respectively when compared to healthy group on day 0. However, there was a significant increase in eosinophils (7.12 ± 0.54, 7.01 ± 0.17 and 7.67 ± 0.63%) in dogs of group II, III and IV, respectively. Post treatment, analysis of blood on day 7 revealed significant (p<0.01) increase in mean values of hemoglobin (11.31 ± 0.36, 12.03 ± 0.19 and 11.88 ± 0.31 g/dl), PCV (43.25 ± 0.15, 44.12 ± 0.15 and 43.92 ± 0.52%), TEC (5.92 ± 0.29, 5.57 ± 0.28 and 6.05 ± 0.17 106 cells/mm3) and lymphocytes (30.19 ± 0.53, 30.24 ± 0.16 and 30.12 ± 0.36 %) in dogs of group II, III and IV, respectively when compared with the values of their respective groups on day 0. However, there was a significant decrease in eosinophils (3.32 ± 0.41, 3.41 ± 0.38 and 3.52 ± 0.18 %) in dogs of group II, III and IV, respectively. In the present study, biochemical analysis of serum revealed significant decrease (p<0.01) in the value of TSP (4.63 ± 0.54, 5.01 ± 0.03 and 4.82 ± 0.65 g/dl), Albumin (3.09 ± 0.17, 3.85 ± 0.23 and 3.51 ± 0.36 g/dl) and Globulin (1.54 ± 0.04, 1.16 ± 0.67 and 1.31 ± 0.14 g/dl) in dogs of group II, III and IV, respectively when compared to healthy group on day 0. Post treatment, biochemical analysis of serum revealed significant increase (p<0.01) in the value of TSP (6.04 ± 0.45, 5.82 ± 0.43 and 5.69 ± 0.25 g/dl), Albumin (3.94 ± 0.24, 4.35 ± 0.37 and 3.73 ± 0.63 g/dl) and Globulin (2.1 ± 0.14, 1.47 ± 0.51 and 1.96 ± 0.23 g/dl) in dogs of group II, III and IV, respectively on day 7 when compared with the values of their respective groups on day 0. In the present study there was a significant (p<0.01) increase in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) values in group II, III and IV (93.4 ± 0.59, 100.2 ± 0.51 and 96.82 ± 0.21 U/L, respectively) and significant (p<0.01) decrease was seen post treatment on day 7 in group II, III and IV (70.2 ± 0.59, 79.31 ± 0.82 and 73.58 ± 0.17 U/L, respectively) when compared with the values of their respective groups on day 0. While formulating treatment for intestinal helminthic infected dogs, the therapeutic efficacies of different drugs were evaluated. All the dogs belonging to group II were treated with pyrantel pamoate 10 mg/kg b.wt P/O on day 0. After therapy, there was a significant (p<0.01) decrease in eggs per gram count. The mean eggs per gram count group II (post-treatment) on day 3, 5 and 7 were 220 ± 81.38, 20 ± 13.33 and 0 ± 0, respectively. Dogs belonging to group III were treated with fenbendazole 50 mg/kg b.wt P/O on day 0. After therapy, there was a significant (p<0.01) decrease in eggs per gram count. The mean eggs per gram count of group III dogs (post-treatment) on day 3, 5 and 7 were 470 ± 135.03, 140 ± 63.60 and 10 ± 10, respectively. Dogs belonging to group IV were treated with ivermectin 0.2 μg/kg b. wt S/C on day 0. After therapy, there was significant (P<0.01) decrease in eggs per gram count. The mean eggs per gram count of group IV dogs (post-treatment) on day 3, 5 and 7 were 170 ± 88.25, 0 ± 0 and 0 ± 0, respectively. The efficacy of anthelminths that were involved in the study were judged on basis of EPG count. On day 3 the mean EPG count in dogs treated with pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole and ivermectin were 220 ± 81.38, 470 ± 135.03 and 170 ± 88.25, respectively and the % efficacy were 88.20 ± 3.21, 76.668 ± 3.63 and 95.28 ± 2.23, respectively. Hence in the present study it may be concluded that ivermectin was more effective compared to pyrantel pamoate whereas fenbendazole was found less effective against intestinal helminthic parasites in dogs. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/93145 | |
| dc.publisher | PVNR TVU | en_US |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | D;497 | |
| dc.sub | Veterinary Medicine | en_US |
| dc.subject | biological phenomena, biological interaction, sampling, proteins, eggs, enzymes, antibiotics, fruits, pyrimidines, thinning | en_US |
| dc.these.type | M.Sc | |
| dc.title | STUDIES ON INTESTINAL HELMINTHIC PARASITES IN DOGS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT By | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |