Screening of Pigeonpea Genotypes & Evaluation of Botanicals in-vitro condition against Fusarium wilt disease
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Date
2022
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Dr.RPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) Millsp), also known as tur or arhar in India is a valuable pulse crop predominantly cultivated in tropical areas and in India. Pigeopea having a significant place among the family Fabaceae. The legume crop pigeopae is kharif season crop and has wider adaptability requires low input in cropping practice. The heavy shedding of leaves adds considerable organic matter in to the soil. Pigeonpea is the 4th ranked pulse crop in the world. In India, Pigeonpea is the 2nd most important pulse crop after chickpea. Among a few variables known to influence pigeonpea development, the most significant is the effect of diseases like Cercospora leaf spot, Fusarium wilt, collar rot, Phytopthara blight, dry root rot , Alternaria leaf spot, phyllody and sterility mosaic. It just so happens, a couple of them causes monetary misfortunes in India (Kannaiyan et al., 1984). Among the illnesses, Fusarium wilt ,incited by Fusarium udum, is the main soil borne disease and was first revealed from Bihar state in Quite a while (Butler, 1906).
During the present study, the varietal screenings were conducted in a simulated environment under wilt sick plot. Out of one hundred forty eight genotypes evaluated under wilt sick plot, fifty four genotypes viz. ICP 8863, NAM 88, TJT 501, BDN 2019-5, WRGE 134, BDN 2019-9, AKTE 16-12, PT 11-4-4-1, BDN 716, JKM 189, NAM 151, BDN 2019-34, AKTM 1914, PT 12-5-5-1, GJP 20011, SKNP 1715, BAUPP 18-7, BAU PP 16-38, WRG 391, LRG 471, IPAL 20-5, IPAL 20-24, PT 2017-1, WRGE 124, PT 10-
1-1-2, BDN 2013-2, PT 11-16, GRG 622, GJP 19-15, AKTM 1637, IPA 19-26, IPA 19-43, IPA 19-6, IPA 18-8, IPA 14-2, BSMR 736, BWR 243, BWR 853, BWR 254, BWR 553, BWR 316, BSMR 2, BSMR65, BSMR-1, BSMR 339, BWR 23, BWR 164, BWR 153 and BWR 133 were found resistant and fifty six genotypes viz. AL 2324, PusaArhar 21-1, PusaArhar 21-60, PusaArhar 21-27, PusaArhar 21-29, CRG 16-01, PT 0012, BDN 711,AKTE 1905, LRG 467, RVKT 383, NAM 92, BDN 2013-5, RVSA 2020-6, RVSA 2020-7, RVSA 2020-8, LRG 224, LRG 275, AKTM 1917, GJP 2008, WRG 390, RKPV 821,-01, RKPV 810-01, NPD 18-03, KA 19-05, IPAL 20-1, IPAL 20-11, RVSA 14-2, WRGE 138, PT 2017-2, PUSA 197, MAL53, PA 15-21, IPA 14-6, IPA 11-45, IPA 15-1,IPA 16-18, GTH I, SKNPCH 1906, WRG 65, PAH 16, PAH 17, PAH 5, PAH 10, WRG 1, MAL 13, MAL57, BRG 1, BRG 2, BRG 3, BSMR 175, BSMR 164, BSMR 79, BSMR 26, BWR 254 and BWR 134 were found moderately resistant. Remaining genotypes were showed susceptible reaction against Fusarium wilt disease. Total fifty four genotypes were found entirely resistant to Fusarium wilt .Genotypes found resistant to moderately resistant may either be used as donor parent in breeding program for resistant varieties or if yield level is comparable with existing varieties, it may be released for general cultivation.
For an ecofriendly and sustainable management of Fusarium wilt, the effectiveness of botanicals were tested in vitro at 5, 10, 15, and 20% conc. against the pathogen by poisoned food technique. The botanical extract of ashoka leaves, eucalyptus leaves, garlic clove, marigold leaves, tulsi leaves, neem leaves, dhatura leaves, turmeric rhizome,,ginger rhizome, onion bulb and moringa leaves were found effective in inhibition of Fusarium udum.