Effect of different levels of potassium on performance of Kharif maize (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2018
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
The present experiment entitled “Effect of different levels of potassium on performance of Kharif maize (Zea mays L.)” was carried out at the Crop Research Centre of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi under Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during Kharif 2017. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replication taking variety ‘Pioneer-3377’ as a test crop. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture, calcareous in nature with pH 8.2 and low in organic carbon (0.44%). The soil contained 210, 16.32 and 122 kg ha-1 available N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. The treatment comprised of nine treatments viz., RD of N and P + no K (T1), RD of N and P + 30 kg K ha-1 (T2), RD of N and P + 60 kg K ha-1 (T3), RD of N and P + 90 kg K ha-1 (T4), RD of N and P + 120 kg K ha-1 (T5), RD of N and P + 150 kg K ha-1 (T6), T2 + 5 t FYM ha-1 (T7), T3 + 5 t FYM ha-1 (T8), T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1 (T9). Different treatments had significant influence on growth, yield and yield attributes of maize.
Plant height, number of leaves, dry matter accumulation, yield and yield attributes i.e., number of cobs plant-1, length of cobs, girth of cobs, number of grains cob-1 and test weight were significantly influenced by different treatments. The plant population recorded at different stages of growth was found to be non significant due to different treatments. Experimental results indicated that treatment T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1) produced higher plant population at all the stages of growth which were responsible for higher yield. Treatment T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1) recorded higher plant
height, number of leaves, dry matter accumulation at all the growth stages. There was no significant difference on 50% tasseling and silking. Similarly, there was no marked effect of different treatments on number of cobs plant-1, length of cobs, girth of cobs and test weight. However, number of grains cob-1 was found significantly higher in treatment T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1). Grain yield, stover yield and stone yield were significantly influenced by different treatments. The maximum grain yield (63.19 q ha-1), stover yield (101.61 q ha-1) and stone yield (14.61 q ha-1) were recorded under treatment T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1). N and P content of grain and stover were non-significant due to different treatments. However, significantly higher K content of grain and stover was recorded with treatment T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1). Significantly higher N, P & K uptake of grain and stover were recorded under T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1) as compared to other treatments. Economics of different treatments clearly indicated that by virtue of higher grain yield, treatment T9 (T4 + 5 t FYM ha-1) exhibited a gross returns, net returns and B: C ratio of ₹ 90,046 ha-1, ₹ 47,987 ha-1 and 1.14, respectively.
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