MORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) TYPES OF ASSAM

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dc.contributor.advisorBaruah, Kartik
dc.contributor.authorDey, Biswajit
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-16T11:03:27Z
dc.date.available2020-06-16T11:03:27Z
dc.date.issued2019-02
dc.description.abstractJackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) is an underutilized fruit of Assam. It is mostly grown as backyard crop in homestead garden. The fruit is a good source of energy, vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, etc. Jackfruit is indigenous to the rain forests of the Western Ghats of India. Most jackfruit plants are of seedling origin in the region and thus tend to exhibit a wide range of variability in terms of morphological and biochemical parameters. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken during 2016-2018 on ‘Morpho-biochemical characterization of jackfruits (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) of Assam to study the existing variability. One district in each of the six agro climatic zones was chosen and four plants were selected in each district, comprising of twenty four plants. Wide variability was observed among the selected jackfruit accessions for morphological characters. Variability in crown shapes like irregular, elliptical, oblong and spherical were observed. Wide variations in leaf blade shape i.e. elliptic, obovate, oblong, broadly elliptic and narrowly elliptic were recorded in the selected jackfruits. Different fruit shapes like ellipsoid, spheroid, oblong, clavate, oblong and irregular were recorded in the selected accessions. Flake texture and flake flesh colour also showed wide variation. In seeds, different seed shapes such as ellipsoid, irregular, reniform, spheroid and oblong were recorded. Cluster analysis of 23 qualitative characters using Average Linkage Between Groups resulted in grouping of the jackfruit accessions into eight non-overlapping clusters. Cluster I consisted of 6 accessions, Cluster II consisted of 4 accessions, Cluster III consisted of 5 accessions, Cluster IV consisted of 2 accessions, Cluster V consisted of 2 accessions, Cluster VI consisted of 2 accessions, Cluster VII consisted of 2 accessions and Cluster VIII had only 1 accession. The clusters formed did not comprise of accessions based on geographical location indicating that qualitative traits were largely influenced by genetic factors. The quantitative characters of flower, leaf and fruit showed significant variation among the jackfruit accessions. The highest tree height and trunk circumference recorded was 18 m and 198 cm respectively (SON2) and the lowest recorded was in 7 m and 120 cm respectively (CAC3). The number of fruits per tree ranged from 9 to 68 with an average of 26.25. The highest fruit weight among the accessions recorded was 10.89 kg (GLP3) while the highest fruit length was 46.67 cm (SON1). The highest number of flake per kg of fruit recorded was 38.18 (SON4) while the highest weight of flake per kg of fruit recorded was 0.54 kg (SON1). The highest flake seed ratio observed was 7.29 (CAC3) while the highest 100-seed weight recorded was 900g. In terms of biochemical constituents, the highest TSS recorded was 29.70°Brix while the highest TSS: acid ratio recorded was 229.57. The highest total sugar recorded was 26.87% (NAG2) while the highest ascorbic acid content recorded was 14.29 mg/100g (CAC1). The highest crude fibre content recorded was 3.17% and the highest total flavonoid content recorded was 127.45mg QE/100g. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded in accession number CAC1 (80.12%) and the lowest antioxidant activity was recorded in accession number JRT1 (32.46%). The lowest IC50 value was recorded in accession number CAC1 (0.62 mg) indicating high antioxidant potential over all other accessions. The seed biochemical constituents also showed significant variations. The highest seed crude protein content was recorded in accession number SON4 (21.18%), while the highest starch was reported in accession JRT1 (35.30%). The highest total mineral (ash) content was recorded in accession number SON2 (5.18%) and the lowest in accession number KA4 (2.89%). The effect of locations on quantitative characters was found to be non-significant. Fruit length and diameter of jackfruit accessions showed significant positive correlation with fruit weight. A significant positive correlation was also found between fruit weight with number of flakes per kg of fruit and weight of flake per kg of fruit. Among the biochemical parameters, the correlation between ascorbic acid and total antioxidant activity was found to be highly significant.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810147667
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAAU, Jorhaten_US
dc.subHorticultureen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeMORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) TYPES OF ASSAMen_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleMORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) TYPES OF ASSAMen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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