Food Security and Sustainability: A comparative study of Punjab and Uttar Pradesh
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Ensuring food security has been the central theme of agricultural development policy.
Therefore, studies are being increasingly taken up to assess the food security status from
national perspective in recent past. Since, precise assessment of regional food security and its
sustainability is prerequisite for strategic planning and prioritizing allocation of resources; the
present study ascertained the sustainability of food security in the most populous and
productive states of India i.e. Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. The study, using secondary data,
examined the growth performance of foodgrains over a comprehensive period of TE1990/91TE2016/17
and for the three decadal periods viz., TE1990/91-TE2000/01, TE2000/01-
TE2010/11 and TE2010/11-TE2016/17 at national level and for the selected states. The
production of food grains shows an impressive and significant growth (CAGR 1.60%) at
national level during the whole period as well as in the sub periods with the highest growth in
TE2010/11-2016/17 (CAGR 1.70%). Unlike in Uttar Pradesh, where foodgrains witnessed
productivity led growth during the overall period; both increase in area and yield contributed
in production growth of foodgrains in Punjab. The district wise composite index of
sustainable food security for the selected states has been constructed from its components –
food availability, access and utilization. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique was
used to assign weights to indicators of each dimension of food security. In Punjab, the
sustainability of food security increased as one moves from southern to northern parts of the
state. Districts in the western (Fazilka, Muktsar etc.) and southern (Mansa and Sangrur) part
of Malwa region of the state were rated low in sustainable food security index. In Uttar
Pradesh, large number of district fell into the moderate range of sustainable food security
index. The results of the study will support the decision makers in implementing suitable
policy measures to address regional food insecurity in both the states.
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Citation
Singh, Priyanka (2020). Food Security and Sustainability: A comparative study of Punjab and Uttar Pradesh (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.