PREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN ANIMALS AND MAN USING CONVENTIONAL AND MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES
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Date
2016-07
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College of Veterinary Science Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781022
Abstract
Brucellosis is an infectious, economically ravaging reproductive disease of animal and one of the re-emerging major zoonoses with world-wide distribution. The present work was conducted (i) to screen the animals and human being of different age groups against brucellosis and (ii) to compare the different tests used for diagnosis of the disease.
The study was conducted from February, 2015 to May, 2016. A total of 174 milk samples (152 milk sample from cattle and 22 from goat) and 773 serum samples (520, 138 and 115 serum samples from cattle, goat and pig respectively) were collected randomly from animals having history of clinical symptoms suspected to brucellosis as well as from apparently healthy animals of different age groups, from different districts of Assam were screened by MRT, RBPT, STAT and I-ELISA tests.
The prevalence of brucellosis was recorded, 10.53%, 12.69%, 13.08% and 13.84% in cattle by MRT, RBPT, STAT and I-ELISA respectively and 1.45% prevalence rate was recorded in goat by all the three serological tests. All the serum samples from pig found negative by serological tests.
Sex-wise higher prevalence rate was recorded in female cattle (14.06%), Age-wise highest prevalence recorded in the age group of 3-7 year (15.09%), breed-wise higher prevalence in crossbred cattle (20.00%) and cattle from organized farm recorded higher prevalence (15.65%) than unorganized farm by I-ELISA.
In case of goat, sex-wise prevalence rate was recorded in female was 2.15%, age-wise in the age group of 9-18 months of age was 4.76%, breed-wise prevalence found in indigenous breed of goat was 1.56% and prevalence rate recorded from unorganized farm was 1.82% by I-ELISA.
Prevalence rate on the basis of previous history or clinical symptoms recorded highest in case of aborted cattle (64.24%) followed by retention of placenta (47.13%) in cattle. In case of goat, prevalence rate recorded only in aborted goat by I-ELISA was 16.67%.
The comparative efficacy of the different tests showed that maximum positive reactors was detected by I-ELISA (13.85%) followed by STAT (13.08%), RBPT (12.69%) and MRT (10.53%).
All the serum samples collected from human were showed negative by RBPT and STAT.
Brucella organism has been demonstrated in clinical samples of vaginal swab, uterine discharge and placenta by modified Ziehl Neelsen Stain.
In genus specific PCR, out of 47 clinical samples 6 showed amplification of Brucella bacterial nucleic acid, at 223bp for BCSP31 gene using gene specific primers.
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