DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RENAL AXIS DISORDER SUBTYPE H IN DOGS
Loading...
![Thumbnail Image](assets/images/Item.jpg)
Date
2021-12-31
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR
Abstract
Thirty non azotaemic dogs with clinical signs suggestive of cardiovascular
dysfunction formed the part of this study. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and acquired
valvular disease were the two types of cardiac disorders diagnosed in these dogs. In dogs with
DCM, tall R waves were observed on electrocardiogram (ECG), elevated vertebral heart
score on radiography, gross enlargement of all cardiac chambers and increased left atrium to
aorta diameter ratio, large E- point septal separation, lowered values of ejection fraction and
fractional shortening were documented on echocardiography. In dogs with valvular disease,
variability in R-R interval and low amplitude QRS complex on ECG, bronchial and vascular
pattern on radiography and varying degrees of valvular regurgitation on echocardiography
were recorded. Urine specific gravity varied between 1.000 – 1.025. The values of ionised
calcium observed in the present study indicated mild hypocalcemia.
A decline in serum inosine values on day 45 from that of day 0 was suggestive of
reduced renal functional status. The urine microalbumin values documented were consistent
with microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria was found to be a reliable biomarker of glomerular
damage and developing nephropathy suggestive of CvRDH. On day 45, 26 of the 30 cardiac
cases were clinically stable and were responding to the treatment. On day 90 of presentation,
cough of reduced intensity and frequency was reported in four dogs.
Six dogs with acute decompensated heart failure, volume overload and refractory to
diuretics were subjected to ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration rate in all these dogs was determined
on the basis of clinical findings and estimate of volume overload. Four out of six dogs had
favourable prognosis with stabilisation in condition and resolution in volume overload.
Extracorporeal ultrafiltration was found to be a useful and yielding therapy for acute
decompensated heart failure dogs which were refractory to diuretics.
Description
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence.