Effect of planting methods and residue management on weeds and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
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Date
2016
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CCSHAU
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal of CCS
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (India) during kharif 2015. Treatments comprised of
four main plot treatments (planting methods) viz., raised bed with residue, raised bed without residue,
zero tillage with residue and zero tillage without residue, and six sub-plot treatments with combination
of three maize hybrids viz., HQPM-1, HM-4 and HM-10 and two weed control treatments viz., atrazine
750 g/ha (PRE) fb 1 HW at 30 DAS and unweeded check. The experiment was laid out in split plot
design with three replications. Weather data revealed that rainfall received during the cropping season
was 430.3 mm, which was well-distributed up to September which resulted in good crop stand and
growth. Important weed species observed in the experimental plots were Dactyloctenium aegypticum,
Brachiaria reptans, Eragrostis tenella, Portulaca oleracea, Ammania baccifera and Cyperus rotundus
along with some other broadleaf weeds. In planting methods, zero tillage with residue recorded lowest
density and dry weight of weeds, higher grain and stover yields and net income with good crop growth
at all growth stages as compared to other methods. Zero-tillage (ZT) was found superior to raised bed
due to lower weed density and dry weight, better growth parameters (plant height, LAI, CGR, dry
matter accumulation), yield attributes (cob length, girth and weight, number of grains/cob, 100-grains
weight, harvest index), net returns and B: C. ZT gave grain and stover yields at par with raised bed.
Similarly, residue retention was better than without residue in respect of all the above parameters
including yields and net returns. Lower weed density were recorded in HM-10 and HM-4 as compared
to HQPM-1. The hybrid HM-4 provided minimum dry weight for broadleaf weeds, maximum yield
attributes and yield fetching higher net returns and B: C, while HM-10 had minimum dry weight for
grassy weeds and sedges with higher growth parameters. In weed control methods, lower density and
dry weight of weeds, higher grain and stover yields, net income and B: C were obtained with
application of atrazine 750 g/ha (PRE) fb 1 HW at 30 DAS, with good crop growth and growth indices
at all growth stages as compared to unweeded check.
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