Radiation induced variability in interspecific hybrids involving abolmoschus esculentus moench and abolmoschus manihot
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Date
1986
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Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara
Abstract
Yellow vein mosaic is the most destructive viral disease of bhindi, which takes heavy toll of the crop, infecting at all growth stages. Attempts to isolate source(s) of resistance to yellow vein mosaic disease from cultivars and wild relatives were proved to be of limited success because of either incompatibility or sterility barriers between the cultivars and wild relatives. An experiment was planned and carried out during June - October,1984; November - April, 1984-'85 and June - October 1985 at the Instructional Farm _ of the College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, Trichur to induce variability in interspecific hybrids involving Abolmoschus esculetus (L.) Moench and Abolmoschus manihot (L.) Medic.
The three accessions of Abolmoschus manihot were observed cross compatible with Abolmoschus esculentus cv.
‘Pusa Sawani', Abolmoschus menihot sap, tetraphyllus crossed readily with abolmoschus esculentus (Cl = 95%) . This was proved through Fo fruit set, Fo seed set and germination of F0 seeds. The F1 plants did not bear normal seeds and F2 generation could not be raised. The pollen fertility of F1 hybrids were much lower than the parents. There was reciprocal difference in the crossability index.
radiation created considerable variability in interspecific F1 hybrids for days to flower, plant height,leaf length, leaf width, fruit length, fruit girth, nodes on main stem, fruiting nodes on main stem, intemodal length, fruits/plant, ridges/fruit and fruit yield/plant, in Abolmoschus esculentus x 2 accessions of Abolmoschus manihot.
There was preponderance of characters of Abolmoschus manihot in the interspecific hybrids. Considerable changes in discrete characters were observed in irradiated F1 hybrids. Dominant characters like branched habit, pubescence and pigmentation of vegetative parts, and hairiness of fruit got changed with gamma radiation. Though the radiation enhanced the pollen fertility of interspecific hybrids, they had seedless fruits or fruits with incompletely filled seeds. With the doses 15 kR, 20 kR and 25 kR tried, quantitative and qualitative characters were affected, though there appeared to be scope for the use of still higher dose of rays to create wider variability in interspecific hybrids.
Under natural field conditions and artificial inoculation, ‘Pusa Sawani’ was infected by yellow vein mosaic virus, whereas none of the wild species did exhibit any symptoms. Artificial inoculation provides a means to select desirable plant types having resistance to yellow vein mosaic disease.
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171062