Epidemiology of Chickpea Stunt Disease
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Date
2016-10
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Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Sabour
Abstract
Chickpea stunt disease (CpSd) caused by bean (pea) leaf roll virus and transmitted by aphid is an emerging disease of chickpea. Affected plants can be easily identified in the field by their yellow, orange or brown discoloration, shortened internodes and stunted growth. Survey conducted in Bhagalpur and Banka districts showed that CpSd incidence was 3.2-9.6% and 2.6-8.3% respectively. Temporal dynamic of CpSd showed that early sown crop (1st November) had minimum Percent Disease Incidence (PDI) 0.8% (1st December) and increased up to 40.2 % (28th February) similarly in mid sown crop (15th November) PDI 0.8% (10th December) and increased up to 39.2% (28th February) while in late sown crop (30th November) it was observed 1.4% (30th December) and increased up to 31.9%(28th February).The temporal dynamic of aphid population showed that early sown crop aphid population was minimum 2.4 (1st December) and increased up to 41.2% (9th January) similarly in mid sown crop aphid population was 2.2 (18th February) and increased up to 36.4 (9th January). In late sown crop, minimum aphid population was observed 2.2(18th February) later on they were abruptly increased up to 31.4 (9th January) later on decreased sharply up to 6.4(8th February). Effect of different dates of sowing on the CpSd development found maximum in early date of sowing (11.94 - 41.72% ) followed by mid date of sowing (10.94 – 39.10%) and late date of sowing (14.09- 31.63%).Weather parameters showed that there was positive correlation between aphid population and incidence of CpSd and it was found more in variety JG315 and less in variety GCP105.Independent variables like temperature (max.) and relative humidity (max.) were negatively correlated with CpSd development. However Temperature (min) relative humidity (min), rainfall and aphid population showed a relationship with positive impact. Transmission study showed that the acquisition feeding period of aphid was 3 hours for 3.03 percent transmission, however, inoculation feeding period was 6 hours for 3.7 percent transmission of the disease. The threshold population was 5 aphids which transmitted 2.6 percent disease incidence. Moreover, CpSd incidence and aphid populations were affected by weather parameters which adversely affected the yield and yield attributing characters in chickpea.
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