SEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE, BUFFALO AND HUMAN BEING IN CENTRAL GUJARAT

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dc.contributor.advisorBrahmbhatt, M. N.
dc.contributor.authorVARASADA, RUPESHKUMAR NATVARLAL
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-29T05:18:11Z
dc.date.available2018-05-29T05:18:11Z
dc.date.issued2003
dc.description.abstractA study was carried out at the Department of Veterinary Public Health, Veterinary College, Anand to assess the seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle, buffalo and human in four district of Central Gujarat viz. Ahemdabad, Anand, Kaira, and Vadodara during the period from January 2002 to December 2002. The study included screening of 595 serum samples of cattle and buffalo by i-ELISA, RBPT and STAT from above four districts where as milk base i-ELISA was used for screening of 650 village milk co-opcralivc socictiCvS for brucellosis. To detect prevalence of brucellosis in human PCR, RBPT and STAT were used. Characterizations of Brucella spp. involved in human infection were done by rep-PCR (Repetitive Element- PCR) and PCR-SSCP (Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism) technique. Out of 595 (Anand (152), Vadodara (99), Ahemdabad (209) and Kaira (135)] serum samples tested 25.66, 19.19, 22.48, and 19.26 per cent reacted positive by i-ELlSA in respective district giving over all prevalence 22.01 per cent. Seroprevalence of brucellosis among cattle in the districts of Anand, Vadodara, Ahemdabad, and Kaira was 31.08, 23.61, 21.95 and 21.33 per cent respectively while among buffaloes prevalence were observed 20.51, 7.40, 23.26 and 16.67 per cent respectively by i-ELISA. RBPT gave 19.08, 16.16, 12.92 and 15.55 per cent prevalence among bovine in Anand, Vadodara, Ahemdabad, and Kaira districts giving over all prevalence of 16.80 per cent. Seroprevalance of brucellosis among cattle in the districts of Anand, Vadodara, Ahemdabad, and Kaira was as 24.32, 19.44, 17.07 and 20.00 per cent respectively while among buffaloes the prevalence was observed as 14.10, 7.40, 15.11 and 10.00 per cent respectively by RBPT. STAT gave 15.18, 14.14, 14.83 and 12.59 per cent prevalence among bovine in Anand, Vadodara, Ahemdabad, and Kaira districts giving over all prevalence of 14.03 per cent. Seroprevalance of brucellosis among cattle in the districts of Anand, Vadodara, Ahemdabad, and Kaira was 18.91, 16.67, 15.44 and 16.00 per cent respectively while among buffaloes the prevalence was 11.53, 7.40, 13.95 and 8.34 per cent recorded by STAT. Out of 344 serum samples of cattle (336 cows and 8 bulls) tested, 24.10%, 19.94% and 16.67% were found positive by i-ELISA, RBPT, and STAT tests respectively in cows, while 25.00.12.5, and 12.5 per cent were found positive in bulls by respective test. Out of 251 sera samples tested from buffaloes (230 female and 21 male), 18.70, 12.61 and 10.87 per cent were found positive by i-ELISA, RBPT, and STAT tests respectively in cows while 23.81, 14.29, and 14.29 per cent were found positive in bulls by respective test giving overall prevalence of 22.30, 17.27, and 14.57 per cent in female and 24.13, 13.79 and 13.79 per cent prevalence in male by the respective tests. Out of 87 serum samples tested from human beings, 60 were from occupationally exposed group [Veterinarian (25), Farmer (10), Animal handler (15), Slaughterhouse worker (10)] and 27 from patients with pyrexia of unknown origin. Among veterinarians, 1(4.0%) sample was positive by RBPT and STAT. One slaughterhouse worker (10.0%) has reacted positive by both RBPT and STAT. From among animal handler, 1(6.67%) serum sample was found positive by RBPT and none by STAT, and none of the farmers were positive, giving 5.00% and 3.34% overall prevalence in occupationally exposed groups by RBPT and STAT, respectively. From 27 patients with pyrexia of unknown origin group, 4(14.81%)) were positive by RBPT while 2(7.40%)) were positive by STAT. Overall prevalence of brucellosis in human being was 8.04 per cent by RBPT and 4.60 per cent by STAT. Out of 77 human blood samples tested PCR detects 25.97 per cent prevalence in human being. In professionally exposed group PCR detected 12 per cent prevalence in veterinarians, 20 per cent prevalence in farmers, 13 per cent prevalence in animal handler hence the overall prevalence in professional group was 14 per cent. While in pyrexia of unknown origin group PCR gave 48 per cent prevalence. Overall prevalence in human group was observed 25.97 per cent by PCR. In Bovine the relative sensitivity and specificity of the RBPT and STAT tests vis-a-vis i-ELISA was assessed and it was observed that the relative sensitivity o[ RBPT was 68.70 per cent and that o[ STAT was 63.36 per cent. In cattle the relative sensitivity of RBPT and STAT was 79.51 and 67.47 per cent respectively while in buffalo the relative sensitivity of RBPT was 64.58 per cent, and 56.25 per cent of STAT. The relative specificity was observed more than 99.00 per cent in all of the above cases. In case of human being, in comparison to RBPT, STAT showed 57.14 per cent sensitivity while in comparison to PCR sensitivity of RBPT and STAT for detection of brucellosis was observed 30 per cent and 15 per cent, respectively .The specificity was observed 100 per cent for all tests. The concordance among all tests in animal was observe more than 90 per cent while between PCR and RBPT was 81.81 per cent, between PCR and STAT was 77.92 per cent and between RBPT and STAT was 96.55. Fingerprinting of Brucella isolates with rep PCR (BOX PCR , ERIC PCR and REP PCR) generated distinct amplification bands ranging from 1-6, 1-6 and 2-10, respectively. With frequency ranging from 0.10-0.85, 0.05-0.80, and 0.05-60 with 85.78, 83.34 and 100 per cent polymorphic bands respectively. Dendogram observed by popgene analysis of results of BOX PCR, REP PCR and ERIC PCR showed that all isolates were divided into four major clusters by BOX PCR and REP PCR while in five major clusters by ERIC PCR according to simple similarity coefficient. Over all analysis divided all isolates into four major clusters. Network analysis of BOX PCR, ERIC PCR and REP PCR divides all isolates into 5, 8 and 8 clusters, respectively according to the mutation present in between various groups. Network graph of pulled analysis showed that only Brucella-15 86 Brucella-27, Brucella-59 85 Brucella-63, Brucella-69 8B Brucella-? 1 were 100 per cent similar to each other while rest of isolates appeared different from each other with minimum one to maximum 16 mutation in between. By analyzing rep-PCR fingerprinting, no group specific pattern was observed according to professional group or source of infection or exposure. Only single SSCP band pattern was observed by PCR-SSCP analysis indicating lack of variation in amplified product. In a survey of Vadodara district by milk base i-ELISA 4.15 per cent prevalence was observed in cow herds where as in buffalo herds it was 0.46 per cent and the prevalence among villages was 3.53 per cent.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810047972
dc.keywordsSEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE, BUFFALO AND HUMAN BEING, CENTRAL GUJARATen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAAU, Ananden_US
dc.research.problemSEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE, BUFFALO AND HUMAN BEING IN CENTRAL GUJARATen_US
dc.subVeterinary Public Healthen_US
dc.subjectVETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTHen_US
dc.subjectA STUDYen_US
dc.themeSEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE, BUFFALO AND HUMAN BEING IN CENTRAL GUJARATen_US
dc.these.typeM.V.Sc.en_US
dc.titleSEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE, BUFFALO AND HUMAN BEING IN CENTRAL GUJARATen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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