Evaluation of wound healing properties of flacourtia jangomas and pongamia pinnata
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Date
2021
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College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the wound healing property of hydroethanolic and chloroform extracts of two different medicinal based plant Flacourtia jangomas and Pongamia pinnata on excision, incision, dead space and diabetic wound model. Each experiment was carried out for 12 days separately. Extracts were prepared from the barks of Flacourtia jangomas and seeds of Pongamia pinnata plant. A total of 384 albino rats of Wistar strain were divided into two groups each for Flacourtia jangomas and Pongamia pinnata plant having eight subgroups consist of six rats per group. The extracts were applied topically at the dose rate of 1%, 2.5% and 5% on excision, incision and diabetic wound model. For dead space wound model extracts were administered orally at the dose rate of 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg body weight to evaluate the toxic effect of the extracts on different blood biochemical parameters along with its wound healing potential. Wound healing efficacy was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, epithelialization period, breaking strength for excision and incision wound model; wet and dry weight of granulation tissue and its hydroxyprolein content was measured for dead space wound model. In vivo antioxidant activity was also estimated in blood and tissues on the last day of the experiment. Phytochemical study of both the plant extract of Flacourtia jangomas and Pongamia pinnata revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoids, tannin, saponin, glycosides and steroid. Result of the present study revealed, topical application of the ointments prepared from the respective plants exhibited its healing potential in a dose dependent manner at different significant level of (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001), as evident from the decreased in wound size, epithelialization period and increased in tensile strength. Wet and dry weight of granulation tissue and its hydroxyprolein content were also well correlated with the healing pattern observed. Oxidative stress was also found to be ameliorated by the treatment with the plant extracts during healing process. On the other hand, toxicological evaluation of the extracts on different blood biochemical parameters, such as AST, ALT, ALP, glucose, cholesterol, creatinine total protein and urea did not show any significant alteration on 0 and 12th day of the experiment. From the present study it can be concluded that both the plant extracts have good wound healing property and chloroform extract of Pongamia pinnata plant showed better efficacy and can be used commercially due to its easy availability.