A study on design modifications in workspaces and tools for female wheelchair users

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Date
2016
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Present study was carried out to identify the female wheelchair users, examine their participation and problems in household work, ergonomically evaluate work, worker and workspace interface. Modifications and evaluation of work spaces and tools was also done based on which design recommendations are given for female wheel chair users. Study was conducted in two phases: case study and laboratory experiments. Case study of 10 female wheelchair users was done using an interview schedule. Their work participation profile was observed for three consecutive days. On the basis of results of case study, two activities (peeling-chopping and knitting), two workspaces (kitchen counter and wheelchair) and two tools (peeler and knife) were selected for necessary modifications. Laboratory experiments were then conducted to modify and evaluate effectiveness of the workspaces and tools. A peeler with comfortable grip was selected, a rocking knife was fabricated, height of kitchen counter was reduced to 74 cm, a removable basket, backrest and additional cushioned seat were provided in the wheelchair. Pre-testing of the modified workspaces and tools resulted in two sets of modified working conditions (MC1 and MC2) for peeling and chopping activity. Experiments were conducted under simulated conditions on 25 normal women in the age group of 60 years and above. Results revealed that, for peeling-chopping activity, reduction in per cent increase in heart rate was found to be 2.68 while working in MC1 and 6.18 while working in MC2 over existing condition. During knitting, increase in heart rate while working in existing condition was 12.66 per cent over base and while working in modified condition the increase was found to be 11.40 per cent. Postural analysis through RULA and OWAS scores revealed that the postures adopted by subjects improved under modified conditions and were acceptable. Body discomfort was also reduced and no pain was felt by respondents while working under modified conditions. Majority of the subjects were satisfied and comfortable with the interventions.
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Keywords
Wheelchair users, household work, body discomfort, peeling-chopping, ergonomic interventions, postural analysis, knitting
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