Genetic enhancement of white maize (Zea mays L.) through conventional and molecular approaches for yield and amylose content
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Date
2023
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
Maize is a widely grown crop with enormous potential in food, feed and industries. White maize is preferred staple food crop in India. Combining ability and SNP data was used to develop heterotic groups in white maize. Two heterotic groups with 7 and 19 inbreds were developed. These can be used to develop high-yielding white maize hybrids. The top high-yielding hybrids were subjected to analysis of food quality parameters like physical, proximate, textural, pasting and sensory properties and compared with local landraces. The hybrids, WHM 1, WHM 2 and WHM 8 performed better in various food quality parameters. Further, high amylose maize offers several advantages in food and industrial sectors. Parents of two maize hybrids, viz., HM 5 and HM 12, were converted to a high amylose version (43.20 to 58.10% in comparison to HKI 1344 with 26.39 %, 40.40 to 56.60% in comparison to 23.29 in HKI-1348-6-2 and 40.40 to 56.30 % in comparison to HKI 1378 with 22.25%, amylose contents) through marker-assisted backcross breeding. These maize lines would be the first highest amylose lines developed in India. To elucidate the role of several other genes/modifiers involved in controlling the amylose content, transcriptomic analysis of lines with differential amylose content was performed. Total of 43 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 19 core and 24 were involved indirectly. Pul gene, several β-glucosidase, sucrose, hydrolyses and Nudix hydrolyze genes were involved in regulating the amylose contents besides ae1 gene. Functional annotations and expression networks also identified several pathways linked to amylose content.
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Arora, Arushi (2023). Genetic enhancement of white maize (Zea mays L.) through conventional and molecular approaches for yield and amylose content (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.