PREVALENCE, IMMUNE RESPONSE AND CONTROL OF Stomoxys spp. OF FLIES
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Date
2000
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES Mannuthy - Thrissur
Abstract
A detailed study on the prevalence, biology, immune response and
control ofStomoxys spp. of flies was conducted. The prevalence study on Stomoxys
fly infestation on cattle of Thrissur, during June 1999 to May 2000 showed a
higher incidence (>90 per cent) during the months of June, July, August and
September than in other months. The prevalence increased as temperature
decreased and humidity and rainfall increased. The fly infestmg cattle was
identified as Stomoxys calcitmns.
The biology of the fly was studied in laboratory and were fed with
citrated bovine blood. The use of horse dung as opposition and larval development
medium was found to be satisfactory. The life cycle parameters of the fly were also
noted.
The thoracic muscle antigen prepared from pharate adult fly was used
for immumzation. Agar gel precipitation test and counter immuno electrophoresis
revealed a single clear precipitation line. The passive haemagglutination assay
revealed an antibody titre of 1024, on days 21'' and 28*'' of immunization.
Feeding the normal flies with blood from immunized rabbit produced a
cumulative mortality of 100 per cent on day 20 against 66.7 per cent mortality in
flies fed with control rabbit blood. Abnormal effects like wing paralysis was noted
in test group.
The insecticidal property of Deltamethrin, Diazinon, Carbaryl and
Ethofenprox were evaluated against stable fly infestation and was found that
Deltamethrin (0.0025 per cent) was highly effective in controlling flies. At 0.005
per cent concentration Deltamethrin gave better protection. Diazinon (0.3 per cent)
and Carbaryl (0.1 per cent) failed to prowde good protection affer one day post
treatment. Ethofenprox (0.002 per cent) was found to be least effective.
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