EVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick, THE CAUSE OF DAMPING-OFF OF TOBACCO

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dc.contributor.advisorPATEL, B. N.
dc.contributor.authorVankar, Harshad J.
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-14T09:19:11Z
dc.date.available2018-05-14T09:19:11Z
dc.date.issued1999
dc.description.abstractInvestigations on effect of agrochemicals, plant species and botanical pesticides on the growth of Pythium aphanidermatum, the cause of damping-off of tobacco, were carried out in vitro at the Bidi Tobacco Research Station, Gujarat Agricultural Univesity, Anand Campus, Anand. hi subsequent study, effective chemical fungicides and acqueous leaf extracts of plant species were tested against the disease under glasshouse conditions. Finally, efficacy of two effective plant species, viz., Lawsonia inermis and Emblica officinalis and one botanical pesticide, Azadex was also studied individually and in conjunction with metalaxyl MZ against damping-off in pots under glasshouse conditions. Out of 15 different fungicides evaluated in vitro, two metalaxyl based formulations, viz., metalaxyl MZ @ 150 ppm (Ridomil MZ 72 WP) and metalaxyl G @ 500 ppm (Ridomil 5G) were found to completely inhibit the growth of P. aphanidermatum in vitro. Next in order of efficacy were three copper based fungicides, namely Bordeaux mixture (0.6%), copper sulphate @ 2000 ppm and copper oxychloride @ 1250 ppm (Blitox 50% WP) as well as captafol @ 1500 ppm (Foltaf 80 WP), the inhibition ranging from 75.86 to 88.55%. Among the thirteen herbicides tested, 2,4-D ethyl ester @ 1500 ppm (Nomor 34 EC), metalochlor @ 2000 ppm (Dual 50 EC) and pendimethalin @ 1000 ppm (Stomp 30 EC) were found to inhibit the growth of damping-off fungus (67.17 to 70.20% inhibition). Results of evaluation of insecticides revealed only two insecticides, viz., dimethoate @ 300 ppm (Rogor 30 EC) and decamethrin @ 50 ppm (Decis 2.8 EC) as moderately effective in inhibiting the growth of the test fungus in vitro, the per cent inhibition being 56.08 and 57.42, respectively. Among 50 plant species and 5 botanical pesticides evaluated in vitro, leaf extracts (25%)) of Lawsonia inermis, Emblica officinalis and Eucalyptus citriodora were highly inhibitory (69.16 to 87.38% inhibition) whereas leaf extracts of Terminalia chebula, Parthenium hysterophorus, Ocimum sanctum and Piper betle were foimd to be moderate inhibitors (51.87 to 63.25% inhibition) of P. aphanidermatum in vitro. As regards botanical pesticides, Azadex at A% was more effective (81.15%) inhibition) against the test pathogen than Neemol, Nico Neem, Nimbecidine and Parasmani. Results of evaluation of leaf extracts of effective plant species, viz., L. inermis, E. officinalis and E. citriodora, all at 25%), botanical pesticide Azadex at A% and effective fungicides, viz., metalaxyl MZ @ 0.015%), metalaxyl G @ 0.05%oand Bordeaux mixture @ 0.6%) in pots revealed that metalaxyl MZ and leaf extract of E. officinalis were most promising in the management of damping-off disease; the per cent control achieved was 84.57 and 81.15, respectively. Next in order of efficacy were Bordeaux mixture (79.01% control) and metalaxyl G (74.07% control). As regards results of evaluation of leaf extracts of Z. inermis and E. officinalis and botanical pesticide, Azadex individually and in conjunction with metalaxyl MZ under glasshouse conditions, metalaxyl MZ was found to be most effective against damping-off (88.55%) control). Leaf extract of E. officinalis coupled with metalaxyl MZ and leaf extract of E. officinalis alone were next in order of efficacy and were at par with metalaxyl MZ; the per cent control achieved with the former two treatments was 86.15 and 83.74, respectively. Leaf extract of L. inermis when combined with metalaxyl MZ was significantly more effective than leaf extract of L. inermis alone. Similarly, Azadex when coupled with metalaxyl MZ was significantly more effective than Azadex alone in minimizing the disease incidence. Results of the present investigations, thus, indicated that leaf extracts of two plant species, viz., Emblica officinalis and Lawsonia inermis possessed potent inhibitiors off. aphanidermatum responsible for damping-off of tobacco seedlings. These plant species can be used individually or in integrated system with a chemical fungicide. If leaf extracts of these plant species are to be integrated with metalaxyl MZ, it could help in minimizing frequency of applications of the chemical fungicide thus reducing the cost of seedlings production. It could also help in minimizing the danger of resistance development in P. aphanidermatum under nursery conditions. However, detailed schedule/s would need to be devised under nursery conditions before they can be recommended to the growers.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810045457
dc.keywordsEVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS, PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick, THE CAUSE OF DAMPING-OFF OF TOBACCOen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAAU, Ananden_US
dc.research.problemEVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick, THE CAUSE OF DAMPING-OFF OF TOBACCOen_US
dc.subPlant Pathologyen_US
dc.subjectPlant Pathology, Agricultureen_US
dc.subjectEVALUATIONen_US
dc.themeEVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick, THE CAUSE OF DAMPING-OFF OF TOBACCOen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titleEVALUATION OF AGROCHEMICALS AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick, THE CAUSE OF DAMPING-OFF OF TOBACCOen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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