Effect of integrated nutrient management modules on soil fertility and productivity of sugarcane in Calcareous soil
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Date
2019
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the Effect of Integrated Nutrient
Management Modules on Soil Fertility and Productivity of Sugarcane in Calcareous
Soil during 2018 -19 at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Bihar. The
treatments comprised of organic nutrient sources viz. Trichoderma inoculated sugarcane
trash, green manuring with Rhizobium inoculated green gram , biocompost (BC) + neem
cake (NC) and their substitution with fertilizer-N (25, 50, 75 and 100%) along with
biofertilizer (Azotobacter and PSB) and control (100%NPK). The biocompost was
applied at planting (PL) and neem cake at earthing up (EL) stages. Sugarcane crop (cv.
CoP 2061) planted during spring season. The mean germination per cent varied
significantly from 23.7-33.9 % and 36.1-47.5 % at 30 and 45 days after planting. The
integrated use of organic along with inorganics produced significantly higher number of
tillers over control (100% NPK).The number of millable canes varied significantly and
ranged from 94.1 x 103 - 116.2 x 103 ha-1. The treatment receiving 50% N as inorganic +
50 % N through organic fertilizer; BC, PL + NC, ER (1/2 each) + Biofertilizer) recorded
highest NMC. The mean cane yield varied significantly and ranged from 70.75- 89.18 t
ha-1 due to different treatments. The highest cane yield (89.18 t ha-1) was recorded in
treatment receiving 50 per cent N through inorganic + 50 per cent N through organic
fertilizer along with biofertilizer and lowest (70.75 t ha-1) in control (100% NPK).
However, treatment receiving 75% N as inorganic + 25 % N through organic fertilizer;
BC, PL + NC, ER (1/2 each) + biofertilizer was significantly superior in terms of B: C
ratio (2.08) and net returns ( 1,31,856.60 ha-1).
Sugar yield is a function of cane yield and followed the similar pattern as cane
yield. The mean sugar yield varied significantly from 8.12 – 10.12 t ha-1. The juice
recovery significantly varied (57.24 - 65.53 %) due to different nutrient management
modules while, their effect on brix, pol and purity coefficient was found non-significant.
The uptake of N (213.2 – 307.7 kg ha-1), P (18.31 – 29.76 kg ha-1) and K (215.81 –
311.02 kg ha-1) varied significantly due to influence of different nutrient combinations.
The uptake of nutrients followed the similar trend of cane yield.
The soil available N (225.8 – 257.9 kg ha-1), available P (23.61 –
29.54 kg ha-1) and available K (107.9 – 135.5 kg ha-1) varied significantly due to different
treatments after sugarcane harvest. The significant increase in Fe, Zn and Mn content of
post-harvest soil was also recorded due to application of organic and inorganic nutrient
sources over control (100% NPK). The mean soil organic carbon (0.42 - 0.56%), soil
microbial biomass carbon (95.7 – 213.7 mg kg-1) , CO2 evolution (61.2 – 160.3 mg 100g-1
soil 24 hr-1) , total organic carbon (13.21 - 20.61 g kg-1) and soil organic carbon stocks
(9.8 - 13.1 t C ha-1) varied significantly due to application of nutrient from organic and
inorganic fertilizer. The plot treated with organic nutrient source showed reduction in
bulk density of post harvest soil over control (100% NPK).
The soil organic carbon fractions viz., very labile, labile , less labile and nonlabile
was found highest for the treatment receiving 100 % N as organic nutrient sources
along with biofertilizers over control (100% NPK). Correlation study revealed positive
correlation among different fraction of oxidizable organic carbon, total organic carbon,
soil microbial biomass carbon and CO2 evolution. The different fractions of soil N viz.,
NO3
- - N (13.2 - 16.5 mg kg-1), exchangeable NH4
+-N (56.8 – 90.6 mg kg-1), total
hydrolysable-N (265.0 -339.7 mg kg-1), non-hydolysable-N (140.5 - 164.1 mg kg-1) and
total-N (478.8 – 603.1 mg kg-1) varied significantly due to various treatments under study.
The total-N was highly positively and significantly correlated with exchangeable NH4
+-N,
hydrolysable NH4
+-N, hexoseamine-N, amino acid-N and total hydrolysable-N. The NO3
-
-N did not produce significant correlation with any of the other N fractions. Based on
economics treatment receiving 75% N as IF + 25 % N through organics; BC, PL + NC,
ER (1/2 each) + Azotobacter and PSB @ 4 kg ha-1 was significantly superior in terms of
B:C ratio (2.08) and net retuns ( 1,31,856.60 ha-1) over all the treatments. The integrated
use of organics and inorganics source of nutrients can sustain soil fertility and sugarcane
productivity in calcareous soil of Bihar.
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