Molecular Analysis of male and female genotypes of Simarouba glauca DC using RAPD markers
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Date
2011
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Simarouba glauca DC is a tropical oil-yielding tree belonging to the family Simaroubaceae, and known locally as “Oiltree”,
“Paradise tree” & “Laxmitaru”. It is a native of Central America and was first introduced into India in 1966. It is a multipurpose
evergreen oil-seed tree with the economically important feature that it can grow very well even in marginal & wastelands areas with
degraded soils. The seeds contain 60-70% (w/v) oil of a quality suitable for edible & non-edible purposes. The knowledge of genetic
variation and genetic relationship among genotypes is an important factor for classification, proper utilization of germplasm resources
and crop breeding to increase both quality and quantity of crop production. Molecular markers are effectively and commonly being
used in studying molecular polymorphism and genetic diversity in species or in populations. The present study was undertaken to
assess molecular polymorphism among ten male and ten female genotypes of Simarouba glauca DC using RAPD markers. In the
RAPD analysis of 20 S.glauca genotypes using 50 random primers, total 426 amplification products were obtained, out of which 3
were monomorphic and 423 were polymorphic. The number of amplified DNA bands varied between 2 and 17 with an average of
8.52 bands per primer. The polymorphism percentage ranged between 72.7% to 100%. The average polymorphism across all the 20
genotypes was found to be 99.4%. Overall size of PCR amplified products ranged between 200 bp - 3000 bp. The similarity indices
between different genotypes ranged from 0.03 to 0.76 with the overall average genetic similarity of 0.28. The dendrogram mainly
divided into two major clusters at a similarity coefficient of 0.10. Of all the twenty genotypes SG1 M and SG15 M were found to be
most closely related having maximum similarity coefficient of 0.76 and PALEM 1 F was the most out grouped (diverse) genotype.
These results indicate the presence of large genetic variation among the genotypes studied which can be attributed to high natural
heterozygosity in this dioecious obligate cross-pollinated plant. Also as the genotypes were collected from different geographical areas
(Gujarat, A.P. and Maharashtra), different geographical conditions allow some possible genetic changes which add to the genetic
diversity. A very high polymorphism (99.4%) observed between the genotypes can be utilized for crop improvement in Simarouba
glauca. The present study also demonstrates the utility and importance of RAPD markers in genetic diversity analysis and genotyping
in Simarouba glauca.
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Keywords
Bacteria, Productivity, Acidity, Animal husbandry, Economic systems, Plasmids, Fermentation, Biological development, Flavouring, Organic compounds