NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF TOTAL MIXED RATION COMPRISING OF PIGEON PEA (Cajanus cajan) STRAW IN CATTLE
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Date
2016
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Publisher
AAU, Anand
Abstract
An experiment was conducted for nutritional evaluation of arhar (pigeon pea)
straw on twelve cattle. There were two treatments viz. T1 (control) having concentrate
mixture (45%) + wheat straw (55%) and T2 (Treatment): concentrate mixture (30) +
arhar straw (70). The growing cattle were fed as per ICAR (1998) feeding standards
to meet their nutrient requirements in terms of DM, DCP and TDN.
The data for DM intake kg/day/animal, kg/100 kg body weight and g/kg W0.75
were 3.88 and 4.05 (P<0.05); 2.58 and 2.62 (P>0.05) & 90.91 and 92.58 (P<0.05) for
T1 (control) and T2 (treatment) group, respectively. Average daily CP, DCP and TDN
intakes were 448.33 and 465.37 g; 278.45 and 310.98g and 2.10 and 2.21 kg in T1 and
T2, respectively. The data for total and average daily weight gain were 15.83 and
19.42 kg and 452.38 and 554.76 g in T1 and T2 groups, respectively. The results
revealed significant difference (P<0.05) between treatment and control group for daily
CP intake and TDN intake as well as total and average daily weight gain. These data
suggested that feeding of TMR with arhar straw had significant effect on feed and
nutrients intake as well as growth.
The results for rumen fermentation pattern revealed that SRL pH was lower in
T1 (6.47) than T2 (6.66). However, the reverse trend was observed for TVFA contents
(14.48 and 14.40mM/dl in T1 and T2, respectively) in both the groups. The treatment
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differences for pH and TVFA were non-significant (P>0.05). The average values of
NH3-N, total-N and protein-N concentrations under T2 (13.24, 71.77 and 44.92 mg/dl,
respectively) were higher as compared to T1 (11.68, 66.49 and 42.82 mg/dl,
respectively). However, the difference between treatments for total-N (P<0.05) and
NH3-N (P<0.01) were significant and for protein-N were non-significant.
The values for digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, EE and CF were 55.88
and 57.63 %, 59.71 and 61.19 %, 68.48 and 69.08 %, 56.87 and 56.95 % (P>0.05) for
T1 and T2, respectively. These data suggested that the digestibility was slightly higher
in T2compared to T1. The digestibility of CP was 62.11 and 66.83 %, which was
significantly higher (P<0.05) in T2 than T1. The respective data for digestibility of
NFE, NDF and ADF were60.06 and 61.19%, 57.33 and 57.89 % & 45.24 and 47.21
% under T1 and T2and were statistically non-significant (P>0.05).
The efficiency of feed utilization (DM intake per kg gain) was superior in T2
(7.22kg) in comparison to T1 (8.68 kg). The values for CP, DCP and TDN intake per
kg weight gain were 0.99, 0.62 and 4.65 kg in control group (T1) and 0.84, 0.56 and
3.98 kg in treatment group (T2), respectively. The treatment differences for DM, CP
and TDN intake per kg gain were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05).
However, DCP intake was non-significant (P>0.05). The cattle fed TMR
incorporated with arhar straw as a roughage source required 16.82% less DM,
15.15% less CP, 9.68% less DCP and 14.40% less TDN for per kg gain in weight in
comparison to cattle fed control TMR (T1) and the treatment differences were
significant (P<0.05).
The daily cost of feeding was Rs 48.80 and 42.66, while cost of feeding
(Rs/kg gain) was 108.27 and 76.94, respectively in T1 and T2 group. The daily cost of
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feeding (Rs/animal) and cost of feeding (Rs/kg gain) was lower in T2 (P<0.05) in
comparison to T1.The daily feed cost was 14.39% less for cattle fed TMR
incorporated with arhar straw as roughage source (T2) in comparison to cattle fed
control TMR (T1).The daily feed cost Rs/kg gain was reduced by 40.72%in cattle fed
arhar straw based TMR (T2) in comparison to cattle fed control TMR (T1).
These findings suggested that cattle can be raised economically by feeding
arhar straw based TMR with improvement in growth rate, better feed efficiency in
terms of DM, CP, DCP and TDN required per kg gain with reduction in daily feed
cost by 14.39% and feed cost Rs/kg gain by 40.72% in comparison to cattle fed
control TMR (T1).
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Keywords
veterinary science, animal nutrition, Evaluation