Etiopathology Of Cutaneous Affections In Canines
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Date
1993
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
A detailed study of 3075 dogs of different breeds, age and sex was conducted during the period from November 1992 to April 1993 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, revealed the overall prevalence of dermatitis to be 9.13 per cent, maximum being in January (16.90 %) and minimum in March (4.97 %).The disease wise occurrence of various skin affections W 8 5 : pyoderma (31.31 %), scabies (29.53 %), non specific dermatitis (20.28 %), mycotic dermatitis (14.23 %) and demodicosis (6.04 %) in decreasing order. In general young male dogs of less than one year of age were more susceptible to skin disorders, whereas among the pnro bred ones, Spitz were found to be comparatively more vulnerable. Similarly, different skin affections were observed to hnvp variable but specific sites of predilection. Among the skin pathogens isolated, staphylococci were incriminated in most of the pyoderma cases, whereas Microsporum gvoseum and Trichoplivton mentagrophvtes, Alternaria spp. and Aspergillus flavus, being the commonest dermatophytes and dermatomyces respectively. In addition, Sarcoptes scabiei and Demodex canis were also demonstrated in skin scraps. In vitro drug sensitivity revealed the gentamicin and doxycycline to be most effective chemotherapeutic agents tested.Significant haematological alterations observed were, leukocytosis and neutrophilia in pyoderma, scabies and flea allergic dermatitis, neutropenia and lymphocytosis in mycotic dermatitis, eosinophilia in demodicosis and flea allergic deramtitis. Significant lymphopenia was observed in demodicosis. Biochemical analysis revealed elevations in the levels of total proteins, total immunoglobulins, total circulating immune complexes in all the dermatitis types, and a decline in albumin level in scabies, as compared to those of apparently healthy dogs. An exhaustive histopathological study of each skin disease was conducted with emphasis on demonstration of specific etiological agents as far as possible by employing the different staining techniques