Biochemical evaluation of interspecific lines of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation reports physicochemical parameters, proximate composition, nutrient and antinutrient components in 7 mungbean x ricebean interspecific lines, 13 mungbean x urdbean interspecific lines and 5 check varieties. These genotypes exhibited 100-seed fresh weight, 100-seed dry weight, seed volume, seed density, water absorption capacity, volume expansion, swelling capacity, swelling index, hydration capacity and hydration index in the range of 3.34-5.13 g, 2.92-4.64 g, 0.03-0.06 ml, 0.77-1.39 g/ml, 120.5-174.1, 200-527.8%, 0.10-0.16 ml/seed, 0.66-0.84, 0.05-0.08 g/seed and 1.21-1.74, respectively. Interspecific lines exhibited lower mean seed volume and swelling index but higher mean values for seed density, volume expansion and swelling capacity per seed as compared to check varieties. Interspecific lines contained 7.86-12.09% moisture content, 19.48-24.97% crude protein, 18.4-50.8% NDF, 7.0-11.4% ADF and 0.55-2.25% ADL. P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu content among the interspecific lines ranged from 280.0-334.8, 488.4-1401.2, 86.0-203.5, 67.6-201.6, 2.59-5.51, 0.50-0.82, 2.13-3.32 and 0.71-3.02 mg/100g, respectively. SML 1808 exhibited the highest content of total soluble sugars (328.44 mg/g) while SML 2011 exhibited the lowest (30.65 mg/g). Mean values of reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, sucrose, starch, amylose and amylopectin in these lines were 3.62, 111.21, 26.34, 329.50, 163.24 and 166.23 mg/100g, respectively. Total soluble proteins, free amino acids, methionine, cysteine and tryptophan contents varied from 177.2-230.3, 0.84-2.63, 3.21-7.10, 0.08-0.15 and 0.67-1.32 mg/g, respectively. Protein fractionation studies revealed 32.6-48.3 (albumins), 153.3-218.8 (globulins), 2.81-8.30 (prolamins) and 22.22-66.23 mg/g seed (glutelins). Electrophoretic studies of the total proteins revealed presence of 6-11 bands with molecular weights of approximately 13-162 kDa. Interspecific lines contained 1.96-2.54 mg/g phytate, 2.41-3.81 mg/g total phenols, 0.66-2.18 mg/g tannins, 120-2560 HU/g lectins, 7.50-23.46 TIU/mg trypsin inhibitor and 48.87-61.47 AIU/g amylase inhibitor activities. SML 1809 was rich in carbohydrates, total phenolics and tannins but exhibited low protein content. SML 1820, SML 1827 and SML 2034 lines exhibited low phytic acid and trypsin inhibitor activity and more proteins and sugar contents. SML 2031 and SML 2032 (mungbean x ricebean lines) and SML 1817, SML 2033 and SML 2034 (mungbean x urdbean lines) were better in terms of their nutritional composition. Overall, SML 2033 was found to be a nutritionally promising line as it exhibited highest 100-seed weight and hydration capacity with high amounts of cysteine, methionine, tryptophan, globulins, iron and manganese.
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