Characterization of ground water quality of Siwani and Tosham blocks of Bhiwani district of Haryana
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Date
2009
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The Present investigation for characterization of
ground water quality and its effect on soil properties in
respective blocks, was undertaken. Two hundred and five
(205) and one hundred seventy three (173) ground water
samples were collected from randomly selected tube-wells of
Siwani and Tosham blocks, respectively. The Soil samples
were collected from sites of different quality ground water
used of Siwani and Tosham blocks and were analyzed for
their physico-chemical properties.
The pH, EC, SAR and RSC in ground waters varied
from 7.8-9.1, 0.26-17.62 dS m-1, 0.06-28.45 (mM L-1)1/2 and
nil-11.43 me L-1, respectively in Siwani Block and from
7.50-9.10, 0.29-17.53 dS m-1, 0.32-45.74(mM L-1)1/2 and
nil-5.56 me L-1 respectively in Tosham Block. Dominant
cation was sodium followed by magnesium and calcium.
Likewise, in the case of anions, chloride was the dominant
anion followed by sulphate, bicarbonate and carbonate upto
EC 3 dSm-1 and after EC class 3-6 dS m-1 and above the
trend was Cl- > SO4-2 >HCO3- >CO3-2 type water in Siwani
block. In Tosham block dominant cation was sodium
followed by magnesium and calcium. Likewise, in the case
of anions, chloride was the dominant anion followed by
sulphate, bicarbonate and carbonate.As per Manchanda
(1976) classification 17, 21, 21, 10, and 31 percent waters
of Siwani block were classified under good, marginal,
saline, sodic, and saline-sodic categories respectively. As
per AICRP (1989) classification 17%, water samples were
found under good category, 21% marginally saline, 21%
saline, 31% high SAR saline, 1.0% marginally alkali, 1%,
alkali and 8% water samples were classified as highly alkali
waters. Similarly, in Tosham block 26%, 22%, 13%, 8% and
31% waters of Tosham block were classified under good,
marginal, saline, sodic, and saline-sodic categories
respectively. As per AICRP (1989) classification 27%, water
samples were found under good category, 23% marginally
saline, 13% saline, 31% high SAR saline, 3% marginally
alkali, 1%, alkali and 2% water samples were classified as
highly alkali waters.
The marginal water could be used without appreciable
harmful effect on crop and soil. But its long term use
depends on type of soil, rainfall and crops to be grown. The
problematic water required special management practices
depending upon the soil type, crop and climatic factors.
The use of poor quality water resulted salt
accumulation both in surface (0-15 cm) and sub surface
(15-30 cm) layers. Mostly highest ECe and SARe were
observed in the surface layer (0-15 cm) of soil.
Description
Keywords
Area, Productivity, Crops, Irrigation, Biological development, Land resources, Economics, Agricultural development, Livestock, Agricultural products