Studies on Seed Mycoflora of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) and Their Integrated Management
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Date
2023
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SKUAST Kashmir
Abstract
The present investigation entitled studies on seed mycoflora of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum.) and their integrated management was conducted during 2021-2022. A total of fifteen wheat varieties, NHIVT-303, NHIVT-304, NHIVT-312, NHIVT-315, NHIVT-309, NHIVT-311, NHIVT-306, NHIVT-308, NHIVT-310, NHIVT-301, NHIVT-305, NHIVT-313, SHALIMAR-1 and 2, Wadura. Were collected from seed stores. The seeds were graded on this basis of intensity of discoloration in to four different grades. Among all stored varieties, NHIVT-306 with highest per cent discolouration intensity of 26.00 per cent grades, while as Shalimar-1 possessed lowest per cent discolouration intensity of 05.00 per cent and highest Detection and identification of different fungal pathogens associated with wheat seeds was done by blotter method and agar plate method. A total of five were identified viz. aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp. Rhizopus. fusarium sp.and Trichoderma sp. in both methods. In case of blotter method, NHIVT-315, Wadura showed the highest incidence of seed mycoflora (44%), while NHIVT-306, NHIVT-313 was found to have least incidence of seed mycoflora (16%). Among all fungal pathogens per cent frequency of fusarium sp. was highest (11.04%), while Trichoderma sp. was seen in lowest frequency (08.73%). In case of agar plate method, NHIVT-303 showed the highest incidence of seed mycoflora (96%). While NHIVT-315 was found to have least incidence of seed mycoflora (20%). Among all fungal pathogens per cent frequency of Alternaria sp. highest (09.96%), while as aspergillus sp. was seen in lowest frequency (08.60%). Effect of plant diffusates of Garlic (Allium sativum) on mycelial growth of pathogenic fungi were observed and the measurement of different fungus has been taken on garlic. All five fungus were present on plates. aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp Rhizopus fusarium sp.and Trichoderma sp. Effect of plant diffusates of Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on mycelial growth of pathogenic fungi were also seen and the measure of different five fungi was done in micrometer. aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp., fusarium sp..
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Keywords
Categorisation, mycoflora, wheat, seed, Plant extract, Plant Pathology.