Studies On The Prevalence And Pathology Of Chlamydial Pneumonia And Encephalitis In Bovines
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Date
1987
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
During the present study, out of a total of 333 cases of
bovine calves examined, 86 were found to exhibit gross lesions
suggestive of chlamydial infection. Histopathologically,
pneumonia and encephalitis was found in 60 (69.6 %) and 22
(25.6 ' A cases respectively.
Chlamydia p_sittaci which was successfully isolated from a
buffalo -calf reproduced the di sease when inoclzlated by
a combination of intratracheal and intra-thecal routes into five
buffalo -calves. The peculiar S i gla S in the infected buffalocalves
included that of nervous disorder along with severe diarrhoea,
and conjunctivitis. The high rise in temp..was associated with fall
in haemoglobin content, leucccytosis and neutrophelia in the
early stages. The major alterations in CSF included increase
in total protein and progressive pleocytosis.Grossly, there was severe congestion and edema of
the cerebrum and cerebellum along with typical consolidation
of the antero-ventral lobes of the lung. In addition,
excessive yellowiSh fluid with flakes of fibrin was present
in the peritoneal cavity. Histopathological alterations
in the lung included the presence of pen -bronchial
and pen -vascular lymphocytic cuffing along with interstitial
pneumonitis. The microscopic picture in the central nervous
system was characterized by generalized vascular damage.
There was proliferation of endothelial cells, pen -vascular
lympnocytic cuffing along with focalnecrosis and gliosis.
Nicroscopic changes in other organs have also been
described.
The detailed findings of the histoenzymic study in
various body tissues have been described and discussed.
The biochemical study was also carried out in various body
tissues in addition to CSF and plasma. The acid -base
analysis was carried out in venous blood and CSF of the
infected buffalo -calves.
While chlamydial organisms were demonstrated in various
body tissues, by indirect FAT and Giemsa staining, they
were also re -isolated from the infected buffalo -calves
and were identified to be Chlamvdia psittaci.