Development and application of flame retardant finish on cotton fabric for household use
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Date
2017
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was conducted to develop a flame retardant finish for cotton
casement and poplin fabrics and to develop textile products for household use, using the
finished fabrics. To test the durability of the finish wash fastness was evaluated and to
maintain the durability, a laundry procedure was optimised. The flame retardant finish was
developed by using the chemical Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phophoniun chloride (THPC)
along with citric acid as binder and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst. The optimisation of
pH, concentration of binder, concentration of catalyst and concentration of THPC was done
by testing the effects of the finish at different variables on physical properties- tensile
strength, flexural rigidity, thickness, GSM and whiteness index. The flammability was tested
using Vertical Flammability tester. The results showed that for casement fabric, pH 7, binder
concentration 10%, 0.75% concentration of catalyst and 30% concentration of THPC were
considered optimum. On the other hand for the poplin fabric pH 8, binder concentration 8%,
0.75% concentration of catalyst and 40% concentration of THPC were considered optimum.
At these conditions tensile strength decreased and flexural rigidity increased but in
permissible limits. It was found that the developed finish was semi-durable and would last
for 15-20 washing cycles. The optimised laundry procedure suggested that the flame retardant
casement and poplin fabrics should be washed with non-ionic detergent with 2gm/L
concentration at 25oC temperature to maintain its durability till 15-20 home launderings. The
flame retardant fabrics were used for making household textile products such as kitchen
apron, mitten, napkins and curtain.
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