Varietal evaluation and compatibility studies in sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill). fosberg
| dc.contributor.advisor | Laila, Mathew K (Guide) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rajasekar, P | |
| dc.contributor.author | KAU | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-11-21T06:07:31Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-11-21T06:07:31Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2003 | |
| dc.description | PG | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The experiment on varietal evaluation and compatibility studies in sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) was carried out in the trees maintained in the orchard, Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara.Height of the tree was maximum in Cricket Ball and minimum in Local. Maximum girth, canopy spread, volume of the tree was recorded in Cricket Ball. Number of flushes per metre square, number of leaves per flush, girth of the shoot was maximum in Cricket Ball. Length of the flush was maximum in Oval. Total duration of flushing was maximum in Oval and Cricket Ball. There were two main seasons of flushing May- July and September - October. PKM-l, Co-2 and Cricket Ball were early in flushing. Mean monthly extension of growth of the shoots and percentage of shoots flowered was maximum in June followed by October for all the varieties. Percentage of shoots flowered was maximum in Cricket Ball. Oval and PKM-l were early flowering in nature, maximum percentage of shoots flowered were in north orientation of tree. Maximum number of inflorescence per metre square was recorded in PKM-l and Cricket Ball. Number of flowers per inflorescence was maximum in Cricket Ball. Minimum number of days taken for complete opening of an inflorescence was recorded in Oval. Peak anthesis period occurred between 7.00 a.m. to 7.30 a.m.and anther dehiscence was on the day before anthesis. Maximum stigma receptivity was found at time of anthesis. Maximum pollen fertility was recorded in Cricket Ball and PKM-l. Diameter of viable pollen was maximum in Gavarayya. Maximum pollen germination and pollen tube length was recorded in sucrose 15 per cent +agar 0.5 per cent +boric acid 100 ml -1+ calcium nitrate 0.03 per cent medium. Maximum pollen germination percentage and longest pollen tube length was recorded in Co-2 and maximum pollen tube elongation was recorded in Cricket Ball. Maximum pollen production per anther was in Cricket Ball. Maximum pollen germination and pollen tube elongation occurred at 9 hours after incubation. Flower bud drop was maximum in Oval. Maximum fruit set percentage and minimum number of days taken from pollination to fruit set recorded in the variety PKM-l. Maximum percentage of fruit drop occurred in Cricket Ball in one month after fruit set. Maximum fruits were retained in PKM-l. Maximum fruit weight, girth, volume, specific gravity, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit, seed length were recorded in Cricket Ball. Fruit length, pulp: seed ratio, seed breadth was maximum in Oval. TSS, non-reducing sugars, total sugars, and sugar: acid ratio were maximum in PKM-l, while reducing sugar, acidity was maximum in Co-2. Number of days taken for maturity depends on the season and heat unit requirement. Co-2 required more number of days for maturity while PKM-l recorded minimum number of days for maturity. Heat unit requirement was maximum for the variety Co-2 followed by Cricket Ball and Oval. Maximum fruit yield was obtained in second season crop. PKM-l recorded high yield in terms of number of fruits and fruit weight. Selfing the varieties resulted very poor fruit set, while intervarietal cross pollinations resulted in maximum fruit set in Co-2 X Gavarayya and Cricket Ball X Co-2. Maximum fruit drop occurred in Cricket Ball X Co-2. Fruit weight, volume and specific gravity were maximum in Cricket Ball X Co-2, fruit length in Oval X Gavarayya, fruit girth in Co-2 X Cricket Ball, pulp: seed ratio in Oval X Co-2. TSS was maximum in PKM-l X Gavarayya, reducing sugar in Gavarayya X Oval, non reducing sugar in Cricket Ball X Gavarayya, total sugar and sugar: acid ratio in Cricket Ball X Oval, acidity in Co-2 X Cricket Ball cross combinations. Number of days taken for maturity was minimum in Local x PKM-l and maximum in Co-2 X Cricket Ball and Cricket Ball X Co-2. Maximum seed weight per fruit was recorded in Cricket Ball X Gavarayya, number of seeds per fruit in Cricket ball X Oval, length of seed in Cricket Ball X Co-2, Cricket Ball X Oval, breadth of seed in Gavarayya X Local and Gavarayya X Cricket Ball. Seed germination percentage was maximum in Oval x Co-2 and number of days taken for seed germination was minimum in Local X PKN1-l. Co-2 X PKM-l, Co-2 X Local, Cricket Ball X PKM-l, Cricket Ball X Local, Oval X Cricket Ball, Oval X Local, Local X Co-2, Local X Cricket Ball, Local X Oval were found to be cross incompatible combinations. Pollination after removing the stigma and pollinating with in vitro basal medium, pollination with application of NAA 5 mg 1 -I, 2,4-D-O.5 mg 1, pollination with gamma rays irradiated (40Gy, 50Gy and 75 Gy) pollen resulted in fruit set in incompatible varieties. Tree volume, fruit weight, fruit volume, number of fruits per tree recorded high GCV and PCV (GCV ranged between 48.77 to 104.18 per cent while, PCV ranged between 48.72 to 108.52 per cent). Characters like fruit volume, fruit girth, weight, seed weight per fruit, tree girth recorded high heritability. Genetic advance recorded for the characters showed wide variation ranging between 0.23 to 119.04 per cent. Maximum genetic advance was observed for fruit weight followed by fruit volume. The vegetative characters showing high positive correlation with fruit yield were tree height, tree girth while flowering characters were number of inflorescence per metre square, number of flowers per inflorescence and fruit characters were fruit set percentage, fruit weight and fruit girth and fruit volume. Maximum correlation was observed between fruit set and number of fruits per tree (rg=1.005) and hence the yield (rg = 0.463). Number of fruits per tree was highly correlated with fruit set (rg = 1.005) and rp = 0.902) followed by number of inflorescence per unit area (rg = 0.455 and rp = 0.423). | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810135851 | |
| dc.keywords | Flower production and blossom studies, Pollination studies, Fruit set, Fruit development, Harvest maturity, Heritability, Flush charecters, Meteorological effect | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara | en_US |
| dc.sub | Horticulture | en_US |
| dc.subject | null | en_US |
| dc.theme | Varietal evaluation and compatibility studies in sapota | en_US |
| dc.these.type | M.Sc | en_US |
| dc.title | Varietal evaluation and compatibility studies in sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill). fosberg | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |