EVALUATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND EFFICACY OF ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY ALONG WITH PLASMA TRANSFUSION IN HAEMORRHAGIC GASTROENTERITIS IN DOGS
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Date
2023-03-23
Authors
KRISHNA NATH M. R
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assess the oxidative stress associated with haemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) in dogs and to evaluate the efficacy of antioxidant therapy along with plasma transfusion. Fifteen animals presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mannuthy and University Veterinary Hospital, Kokkalai with clinical signs suggestive of haemorrhagic gastroenteritis were included in the study.The common aetiologies recorded were canine parvoviral enteritis, ancylostomosis and dietary indiscretion. Detailed physical examination followed by faecal scoring and estimation of haemato-biochemical parameters and oxidative stress parameters viz. lipid peroxidation level by assessing serum malondialdehyde level (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and glutathione peroxidation level (GSH-Px) were carried out. All animals in the study were treated with N-acetylcysteine, fresh frozen plasma, and racecadotril along with conventional therapy with antibacterial and/or antiparasitic drugs, antiemetics, proton pump inhibitor and intravenous fluid therapy. Haemorrhagic diarrhoea, vomiting, epigastric pain, anorexia and lethargy were the major clinical signs noticed. The mean faecal score was 4.83 ± 0.06 on 0th day that decreased to 3.47 ± .11 by day seven. Serum MDA and TAS levels were significantly elevated and the activity of GSH-Px enzyme was found to be markedly reduced. A decrease in oxidative stress indices and an increase in GSH-Px activity were noted in the animals after treatment. Severe anaemia and leucopaenia were detected on haemogram at the start of the study. Sodium and potassium imbalances noticed at the start of study resolved after treatment. Hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia recorded on 0th day did not improve at the end of study period. Coagulopathy, as evidenced by increased activated partial thromboplastin time with a mean value of 23.35 ± 0.78 sec significantly reduced to 18.88 ± 0.82 sec after plasma therapy. Inclusion of N-acetylcysteine, fresh frozen plasma and racecadotril were beneficial in management of oxidative injury, coagulopathy and acute diarrhoea respectively, associated with HGE.