EFFECT OF REPLACING PALM OIL WITH RAPESEED OIL IN BROILER RATION
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Date
2019-10-28
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD
Abstract
The current research was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing palm
oil with rapeseed oil in broiler ration on growth performance, carcass quality and
omega-3 fatty acid profile in breast and thigh muscles, nutrient utilization and its
techno-economics. The experimental study was conducted up to 42nd day of its age. A
total of 160 day-old broilers (Vencobb 400) were randomly allotted into four
treatment groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) having four replicates of ten chicks each. The
basal diets were prepared to meet Bureau of Indian Standards (IS 1374; 2007)
nutrient requirements, with palm oil included at the rate of 1.5, 3, and 4.5 per cent in
pre-starter, starter and finisher ration, respectively. The experimental broiler rations
prepared with rapeseed oil replacing 25, 50 and 100 per cent of palm oil in basal diets
fed to G2, G3 and G4 group birds, respectively.
The growth performance results recorded in this study revealed
supplementation of rapeseed oil in broiler ration replacing palm oil at 50 and 100
per cent level shown significantly (P<0.01) increased body weight gain in G3
(2,249.41 ±38.75 g) and G4 (2,223.02 ± 30.96 g) than other palm oil and rapeseed
oil fed groups (G1 and G2). However, cumulative feed intake between groups was
similar and not affected by addition of rapeseed oil and palm oil. The cumulative
feed conversion ratio of G3 (1.86 ± 0.03) and G4 (1.84 ± 0.03) group was better (P<
0.05) than G1 (2.02±0.09) group birds at 42nd day, whereas G2 group was similar to
that of G3 and G4. The supplemented dietary fat was utilized significantly (P<0.01)
better in G4 group than G2, G3 and G1 groups and other nutrients were utilized at
similar level in all groups.
The carcass quality studies revealed that carcass yield and processing yield
were not affected between groups. Meanwhile, giblet yield of G2 and G3 was
significantly higher (P<0.01) than G1 and G4 group. The chemical composition of
broiler meat content except crude fat was not influenced by dietary inclusion of
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rapeseed oil at different proportion replacing palm oil. The crude fat content (per
cent, as such) of G4 group carcass was significantly decreased (1.41 ± 0.01 per cent)
(P<0.01) than G1 (1.67±0.05 per cent). The omega-3 fatty profile of breast and thigh
muscles were estimated and found that Alpha Linolenic Acid (ALA) concentration
in breast muscle increased from 0.178 g/100 g (G1) to 0.349 g/100 g of muscle (G4)
and in G4 group thigh muscle it was 0.412 g/100 g from 0.155 g/100 g of muscle
(G1) and increases were significant at P<0.01 level. Whereas, concentration for
ALA recorded in G3 group breast and thigh muscles were similar to G4. Like that,
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentration in breast muscle (0.031 g/100 g of
muscle) and thigh muscle (0.026 g/100 of muscle) of G4 group was significantly
higher (P<0.01) than G1 and G2.While compared to G3 its concentration was
similar to G4 in thigh muscle and lower than G4 in breast muscle. Docosahexaenoic
acid (DHA) content in thigh muscle of G4 (0.029 g/100 g of muscle) was
significantly higher (P<0.01) than G1, G2 and G3 group. The profit per kg live
weight of bird (Rs) studied in this experiment was 8.21, 6.57, 12.06 and 11.14 for
G1, G2, G3 and G4 group birds, respectively.
The assessment of dietary inclusion of rapeseed oil replacing palm oil at 0, 25,
50 and 100 per cent in broiler rations revealed G3 and G4 group birds shown better
weight gain and feed conversion ratio with similar feed intake during 42 days
experimental period. From this study, it may be concluded that replacement of
rapeseed oil at 50 per cent and 100 per cent of palm oil in broiler ration could
produce broiler meat with less fat content and increased omega-3 fatty acid
concentration, can be considered as designer meat in the market.