“GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATORENAL PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN AND CURCUMIN AGAINST CADMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS” 2827
dc.contributor.advisor | U. D. Patel | |
dc.contributor.author | SHREESHA RAO S | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-03T06:04:30Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-07-03T06:04:30Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2019-06 | |
dc.description.abstract | The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the gastrointestinal and hepatorenal protective effect of quercetin and curcumin alone as well as in combination against cadmium-induced toxicity in rats. The study was performed on 36 male rats which were randomly divided into six groups based on their body weights at the age of 8-9 weeks. Rats of group C1 were kept as normal control. Rats of toxic control group (C2), vehicle group (C3), quercetin treatment group (T1), curcumin treatment group (T2) and quercetin and curcumin in combination treatment group (T3) were administered with cadmium in drinking water (100 ppm) for 28 days. Rats of vehicle group (C3) were administered with corn oil (vehicle). Rats of group T1, T2 and T3 were orally administered with quercetin (50 mg/kg, P.O.), curcumin (100 mg/kg, P.O.) and both quercetin and curcumin in combination, respectively for 28 days. Noticeable signs of toxicity were not observed in rats of any groups except hair fall and diarrhea in toxicity control and vehicle groups, which were less in treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3). Cadmium exposure in rats did not affect the feed consumption. Body weight of rats of all groups were also not altered during the experimental period. Cadmium treatment resulted in significant (P<0.05) decrease in kidney weight and kidney body weight ratio. The weight of kidney and kidney body weight ratio was partially improved by curcumin treatment (T2). Cadmium exposure to rats for 28 days did not produce significant effect on hematological parameters. However, significantly (P<0.05) higher level of ALT, AST and ALP in the serum of cadmium exposed rats were observed suggesting of Cd related injury to the liver. Rats treated with quercetin and curcumin alone as well as in combination of both significantly (P<0.05) lowered the levels of AST and ALP as compared to cadmium-exposed and vehicle-treated group (C1 and C2). The total bilirubin level was significantly (P<0.05) increased in cadmium-exposed and vehicle treated group (C2 and C3) as compared to that of control group (C1). Quercetin treated group (T1), curcumin-treated group (T2) and the group treated with quercetin and curcumin in combination (T3) significantly (P<0.05) decreased total bilirubin level as compared to that of animals of toxic control group (C2). The blood glucose level was significantly (P<0.05) higher in cadmium-exposed group (C2) as compared to that of control group (C1) and it was lowered in quercetin treated group and group treated with combination of quercetin and curcumin. Exposure to cadmium caused significant increase in MDA and non-significant decrease in SOD, catalase and GSH in blood of rats. Quercetin and curcumin in combination non-significantly increased SOD activity, catalase activity and GSH level. GSH level was well improved in quercetin treatment group (T1). All treatments (T1, T2 and T3) significantly decreased the cadmium induced lipid peroxidation indicating low level of MDA. In intestine, MDA level and SOD enzyme activity were significantly (P<0.05) increased upon cadmium treatment due to lipid peroxidation. Non-significant decrease in catalase activity and GSH level were observed upon cadmium exposure in intestine tissue. Quercetin and curcumin alone as well as in combination resulted in reduction of SOD activity, lipid peroxidation and improvement in the catalase activity and GSH level in intestine. However, significantly (P<0.05) higher level of GSH was observed in curcumin-treated group (T2) as compared to that of animals of toxicity control group (C2). In liver, significant increase in MDA level, non-significant increase in SOD activity and decrease in catalase activity caused the lipid peroxidation and damage to the hepatocytes. The quercetin treatment (T1) reduced the increased MDA level and SOD activity in liver, simultaneously increased catalase and GSH activity. Curcumin treatment (T2) significantly decreased the SOD activity, MDA level and significantly increased the GSH level and partially improved the catalase activity However, quercetin when administered along with curcumin was able to reduce the MDA level significantly by stimulating the GSH level and higher catalase activity as compared to that of toxicity control group (C2). In kidney, cadmium exposure resulted in increase in lipid peroxidation as indicated by increased MDA level. Non-significant increase in SOD activity, significant decrease in catalase activity with no significant effect on GSH level was observed upon cadmium exposure. Quercetin and curcumin alone as well as in combination non-significantly reduced the SOD activity and improved the catalase activity and also stimulated the GSH level which reduced the lipid peroxidation. Sub-acute cadmium exposure at 100 ppm level altered normal architecture of stomach, intestine, liver and kidney in rats. Administration of quercetin and curcumin alone as well as in combination partially protected the stomach, intestine and liver from cadmium-induced oxidative damage. However, quercetin has more protective effect against cadmium-induced histopathological changes in kidney as compared to curcumin. As compared to individual treatment of quercetin and curcumin alone, the combination of both agents significantly prevented the histopathological changes caused by cadmium-induced oxidative stress. Quercetin and curcumin alone as well in combination may be useful for prevention of oxidative stress caused by continuous exposure to low level of xenobiotics. However, further study is needed to confirm the efficacy and the pathways of action of quercetin and curcumin against oxidative stress caused by different environmental toxicants. | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810170049 | |
dc.keywords | Quercetin, curcumin, cadmium, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, rats | en_US |
dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
dc.pages | 197p | en_US |
dc.publisher | JAU, JUNAGADH | en_US |
dc.sub | Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology | en_US |
dc.theme | “GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATORENAL PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN AND CURCUMIN AGAINST CADMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS” 2827 | en_US |
dc.these.type | M.V.Sc. | en_US |
dc.title | “GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATORENAL PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF QUERCETIN AND CURCUMIN AGAINST CADMIUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS” 2827 | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |