PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES OF METRONIDAZOLE IN SHEEP AFTER INTRAVENOUS AND ORAL ADMINISTRATION
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Date
1992
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
The present Investigation was undertaken to monitor the pharmacokinetics and dosage of metronidazole In sheep following single Intravenous (20 mg/kg body weight) and oral (20 and 50 mg/kg body weight) administration. The therapeutic plasma concentration of metronidazole was maintained upto 4 h following Intravenous administration. Whereas after oral administration at dosage l e v e l s of 20 and 50 mg/kg body weight, it was maintained for 4 and 6 h, respectively. The pharmacokinetics of metronidazole following intravenous administration conformed to a two-compartment open model (except Animal No. I which was described by a one-compartment open model) with a distribution half-life of 0.06 ± 0.01 h, an elimination half-life of 1.40 ± 0.09 h, and a body clearance of 292.32 ± 18.20 ml h.-1 kg-1. The pharmacokinetics of metronidazole following oral administration (20 and 50 mg/kg body weight) was best described by a one-compartment open model. Following oral administration of metronidazole at dosage levels of 20 and 50 mg/kg body weight the absorption and elimination half-lives were 0.08 ± 0.01- 0.08 ± 0.01, 1.51 ± 0.05 - 1.72 ± 0.09 h, respectively. The total body clearance and bioavailability of metronidazole after lower and higher oral dosages were calculated to be 364.81 ± 10.46 - 473.23 ± 19.66 ml.kg-1.h-1 and 72.76 ± 2.84 - 59.08 ± 3.58 per cent, respectively. On comparing two roates of drug administration, the total body clearance was relatively higher following oral administration than that after intravenous administration. The bioavailability of the drug after oral administration was high. So metronidazole can be used effectively by both oral and intravenous routes. A satisfactory intravenous dosage regimens of metronidazole would be 7-13 mg/kg body weight which should be repeated at 12 h intervals, A satisfactory oral dosage regimen of metronidazole would be 9-17 mg/kg body weight which should be repeated at interval of 12 h.
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VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY, A STUDY