CORRELATION, PATH ANALYSIS AND INHERITANCE STUDIES IN GROUNDNUT ( Arachis hypogaea Linn.)
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Date
1988
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
Twelve parental lines and their twenty two crosses of groundnut were studied to estimate correlation coefficients (genotypic and phenotypic) between different characters as well as phenotypic and genotypic path for pod yield and o il per cent. The inheritance pattern of these qualitative characters along with maturity was also studied. The experiment was carried out at Plant Breeding Farm, B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand. The replicated t r i a l was conducted in kharif 1987 in Randomised Block Design, Seventeen characters were studied from parents and crosses, Genotypic correlation values were relatively higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation values in all traits with few exceptions. The yield contributing characters , viz., number of immature pods, nximber of mature pods, kernel yield and shelling per cent were found positively associated with pod yield. Number of primary branches, haulm yield and plant height had negative correlation with pod yield. Oil per cent had positive associations with all these traits which had negative association with pod yield in parents and Fp populations. The correlation of oil per cent with pod yield was positive in parents and negative in F^ populations. Path analysis reveals that kernel yield is the trait which had maximxim direct effect on pod yield. This trait had also influenced pod yield via other yield contributing traits. Haulm yield and number of secondary branches had sizable positive direct effect on oil per cent, Ttius, the study indicate that breeding programme aimed at improvement of pod yield potential of groundnut should be carefully planned and executed through which oil content should not be reduced. The inheritance study reveals that growth habit had monogenic or digenic inheritance in which two complementary nuclear genes and one plasmon interacts to develop semispreading type of plant. The development of flowers on main stem had digenic inheritance and two sets of duplicate genes are working for the expression of this trait. Two pairs of dominant genes having complementary effects were found to govern pod reticulation. Maturity in groundnut had polygenic inheritance, where additive as well as nonadditive genes were involved.
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PLANT BREEDING AND GENETICS, AGRICULTURE, ANALYSIS