STUDIES ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF CIPROFLOXACIN IN WHITE LEGHORN HENS
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Date
2002
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin after single dose intravenous and oral administration in White leghorn hens. The ciprofloxacin concentration in plasma was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Following single dose (5 mg/kg of body weight) intravenous administration of ciprofloxacin, the therapeutically effective plasma concentration (> 0.12 µgml-1) was maintained for up to 8 hours. Pharmacokinetics of the drug was best described by two-compartment open model following intravenous administration. The drug was rapidly and extensively distributed [t1/2α: 0.17 + 0.01 h ; Vd (area); 5.48 ± 0.47 1 kg-1] in and rapidly eliminated (t1/2β: 2.83 + 0.22 h) from the body with a clearance rate of 22.68 ± 1.81 mlmin-1 kg-1. Following single dose oral administration of ciprofloxacin at the rate of 5 mg/kg of body weight in hens fasted for 2 hours, the therapeutically effective plasma concentration was detectable at 0.5 hours (30 minutes) and maintained for 12 hours. Peak plasma concentrations (0.33 + 0.01 µgml-1) were obtained at 2.0 hours after oral administration. The drug is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (t1/2ka: 0.80 ± 0.06 hours),; extensively distributed [Vd (area). 5.13 ± 0.45] 1 kg-1 and slowly eliminated from the body (t1/2β; 14.32 ± 1.00 hours). The oral bioavailability of ciproftoxacin was 0.26 + 0.03 (26 ± 3 per cent) when given after fasting for 2 hours. Ciprofloxacin can be best given orally for mass medication of hens in systemic infections at the rate of 5 mg/kg of body weight at 16-20 hours intervals. The drug can be administered intravenously as the first dose at the rate of 5.26 mg/kg of body weight for emergency treatment of individual hens. This may be followed by the oral schedule 8 hours later.
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VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY, A STUDY