Toxicological effects induced by acephate in female wistar rats
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was carried out to study the toxicological effects of the organophosphate
acephate in female wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups, each group containing
six rats. Acephate was administered for 45 days to the rats by oral intubation at dose level of
1/50th of LD50 value (866 mg/kg b.w.) to first group, 1/25th of LD50 value to second group,
1/10th of LD50 value to third group and the fourth group served as control group. Commercial
formulation of acephate (STARTHENE 75 SP) was used for the treatment. Feed intake was
decreased significantly in the highest dose group of rats. The weights of kidney, uterus and
oviduct decreased significantly in treated groups. The cyclicity was disturbed in rats of all the
treated groups. Biochemical parameters such as total protein, total lipids, cholesterol and
phospholipids were estimated. The activity of antioxidative enzymes such as glutathione
peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide
dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated from the tissue homogenates. Lipid
peroxidation (LPO) levels were also estimated. A significant decrease in total proteins and
total lipids was observed in the medium and high dosed rats. Excessive generation of free
radicals was observed to be the toxicological effect of acephate which was evident from the
significant alterations in the activity of antioxidative enzymes. A change in lipid peroxidation
levels was also observed in the treated rats when compared with control rats. Hence, overall
changes were observed in the biochemical parameters in the treated rats by the application of
pesticide. Histological examinations of ovary and uterus showed significant changes when
compared with control rats. DNA damage was estimated from the bone marrow cells of the
rats. The appearance of tail in the highest dose rats indicated DNA damage. There was
absence or less concentration of antibodies in the serum. Hence it was concluded that
acephate intoxication caused major changes in biochemical and histopathological parameters
in female wistar rats.
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