MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE TICK FAUNA OF GOATS AND DETECTION OF ACARICIDE RESISTANCE

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dc.contributor.advisorBindu Lakshmanan
dc.contributor.authorTAMBE KAJAL ANNASAHEB
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-23T06:11:38Z
dc.date.available2020-09-23T06:11:38Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractA comprehensive study of the morphology of different species of ticks under light and electron microscopy and detection of acaricide resistance status among ticks infesting goats in Kerala was done. A total of 1200 ticks were collected from goats that were reared in 13 organised and unorganised farms of Thrissur and Palakkad districts of Kerala as well as from those presented to University Veterinary Hospital at Mannuthy and Kokkalai. It was observed that ear pinna was the most preferred site for tick attachment followed by tail, head, eyes, neck region. Gross morphological features were observed by light microscopy and four tick species under the genus Haemaphysalis and two species under the genus Rhipicephalus were identified. Out of the 1200 ticks examined, 1190 ticks (99.1 per cent) belonged to Haemaphysalis genus and 10 ticks (0.83 per cent) to Rhipicephalus genus. Among the genus Haemaphysalis, the most prevalent species on goats was H. bispinosa (63.02 per cent), followed by H. intermedia (36.55 per cent), H. megalaimae (0.25 per cent) and H. kutchensis (0.16 per cent). Among the genus Rhipicephalus, R. haemaphysaloides (50 per cent) and R. sanguineus (50 per cent) were identified. The present study reports H. megalaimae and H. kutchensis for the first time in Kerala. Ultrastructural morphology of external surface of Haemaphysalis spp. was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Larval packet test was used to detect acaricide resistance for deltamethrin and amitraz against Haemaphysalis spp. the most prevalent tick infesting goats. In the present study, Ottapilavu, Mundupalam and Poomala isolates were found susceptible, while Vadakkanchery isolate was resistant. All the tested population viz., Mundupalam, Poomala, Vadakkanchery and Choondal isolates of Haemaphysalis spp. were susceptible to amitraz. Log probit analysis was done to derive the LC50 and LC90 of resistant and susceptible isolates. Adult immersion test was performed to assess the status of resistance to deltamethrin and amitraz in Haemaphysalis spp. isolates from Thrissur and Palakkad districts. The per cent mortality and reproductive indices were measured at different concentrations as well as at discriminating dose. In the present study, Ottapilavu isolates of Haemaphysalis survived upto 240 ppm deltamethrin and was considered resistant. The per cent mortality in Amaloor isolates was 90 per cent at 120 ppm and hence was considered resistant. The predicted mortality at 75 ppm for Vennur isolates was 91 per cent and was considered susceptible. Log probit analysis was done to derive the LC50 and LC90 of resistant and susceptible isolates. It was observed that as the concentration of deltamethrin increased, the reproductive index decreased and the oviposition was inhibited. At 240 ppm there was only approximately 55 per cent inhibition of oviposition in resistant Ottapilavu isolates, while in Amaloor isolates 100 per cent inhibition was recorded. All the isolates in the present study were susceptible to amitraz. Haemaphysalis spp. on goats are developing resistance to deltamethrin. Amitraz may be recommended for tick control in goats in areas where deltamethrin resistance has been observed. Future investigations are to be conducted on molecular characterisation of resistance in these species of ticks as well as to detect the status of resistance to different group of acaricides throughout the state.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810151818
dc.keywordsMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES TICK FAUNA GOATS DETECTION ACARICIDE RESISTANCEen_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages78en_US
dc.publisherCollege of Veterinary and animal Science,Mannuthyen_US
dc.research.problemMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE TICK FAUNA OF GOATS AND DETECTION OF ACARICIDE RESISTANCEen_US
dc.subVeterinary Parasitologyen_US
dc.themeMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE TICK FAUNA OF GOATS AND DETECTION OF ACARICIDE RESISTANCEen_US
dc.these.typeM.V.Sc.en_US
dc.titleMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE TICK FAUNA OF GOATS AND DETECTION OF ACARICIDE RESISTANCEen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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