Effect of phosphorus and sulphur levels on growth and yield of summer greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)
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Date
2020
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DRPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Effect of phosphorus and sulphur levels on growth and yield of summer greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) was laid out during summer 2019 at TCA, Dholi Farm (Muzaffarpur), Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University Pusa (Bihar). The trial consisted of nine treatment combinations comprised three levels of phosphorus viz., 20, 40, 60 kg ha-1 and three levels of sulphur viz. 10, 20, 30 kg ha-1 along with absolute controland one treatment absolute control. The experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Observations on various growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, and nodulation were recorded.
Plant height, number of branches per plant, plant dry matter, crop growth rate, leaf area index and yield indices i.e., number of pods / plant, length of pod, number of grains / pod, and 100 seed weight were significantly higher under 60 kg ha-1 Phosphorus then 20 kg phosphorus/ha. sulphur levels also had significantly impact on these growth and yield and and recorded higher values when 30 kg ha-1 sulphur was applied was significantly higher over 10 kg sulphur / ha but was found at par with 20 kg sulphur / ha. significantly lower growth and yield indices were observed under control.
Whereas the all the growth and yield indices record lowest in control treatment.
Grain and straw yield were significantly affected by phosphorus and sulphur levels. Application of 60 kg phosphorus ha-1 significantly enhanced the grain and straw yield over 40 kg phosphorus / ha but was found similar to 40 kg phosphorus / ha. Among the sulphur levels grain and straw yield increased significantly up to 20 kg sulphur ha-1 further increase in sulphur level fail to caused significantly effect on grain and straw yields. All the phosphorus and sulphur level had significant impact on grain and straw yields over control. Similar trend was also observed with harvest index also.
Nodulation number of nodules /plant, fresh and dry weight of nodules / plant were significantly higher at 60 kg phosphorus / ha over 20 kg phosphorus / ha. similarly, 30 kg sulphur also recorded significantly higher value of these parameters over 10 kg sulphur ha-1.
Application of 60 kg phosphorus ha-1 significantly enhanced the phosphorus uptake by the crop over 40 and 20 kg phosphorus ha-1. similarly sulphur uptake by the crop was also significantly higher at 30 kg sulphur ha-1 than 20 and 10 kg sulphur ha-1. phosphorus and sulphur had higher their uptake by the crop over control. Optimum dose of phosphorus and sulphur for summer greengram was worked out to be 51 and 24.5 kg/ ha.
Gross and net return calculated at 60 and 40 kg phosphorus were at par and both recorded significantly higher value over 20 kg phosphorus ha-1 . however gross and net return did not show significantl effect among the sulphur levels. B:C ratio did not differ among phosphorus and sulphur levels. Control registered significantly lower gross return, net return, and B:C ratio than phosphorus and sulphur levels.