SURVEY AND BIOECOLOGY OF TOMATO LEAFMINER, Tuta absoluta MEYRICK (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) IN NORTH EASTERN KARNATAKA
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Date
2016-06-30
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, RAICHUR
Abstract
Studies on survey and surveillance, monitoring and biology of tomato leafminer,
Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) were carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station (MARS),
University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, during 2015-16.
Roving survey conducted in six districts of North Eastern Karnataka viz., Bidar,
Kalaburagi, Yadgir, Raichur, Ballari and Koppal indicated that maximum numbers of
larvae were noticed in Kalaburagi district. The associated predator of tomato leafminer
population was high in Raichur, while it was low in Koppal district. Maximum
parasitoids (Habrobracon sp. and N. formosa,) were noticed in Raichur district. Per cent
leaf and fruit damage was high in Kalaburagi district during vegetative and fruiting stage.
In MARS, Raichur both maximum and minimum temperatures had positive and
significant correlation (r = 0.67 and 0.72) on the population of tomato leafminer, whereas
negative and significant relationship was established between population and morning
and evening relative humidity (r = -0.80 and -0.61). Correlation studies on light trap
catches of moths with maximum and minimum temperatures showed negative and
significant correlation (r = -0.50 and -0.60). On contrary, both maximum and minimum
temperature had no influence on pheromone trap catches of moths (r = 0.06 and -0.43).
However, evening relative humidity had positive and significant correlation (r = 0.52).
Studies on biology of tomato leafminer conducted at laboratory revealed that the
incubation period of T. absoluta eggs lasted for 4.08 ± 0.55 days. The total larval period
required 10.59 ± 2.06 days to complete its development. The pupal period occupied 7.62
± 1.07 days. Adult females laid 165.05 ± 6.22 eggs per female. The longevity of male
moths varied with 7.50 ± 1.20 days, while that of female 15.01 ± 1.47 days. The
percentage hatchability of 90.67 per cent was recorded. Fecundity was observed from first
to thirteenth day, wherein the highest fecundity was recorded on second day with 40.70
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