Effect of mutagens on the growth response and mutation rate in chillies
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Date
1984
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Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vellayani
Abstract
Varietal sensitivity of chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) to the roost potent mutagens Co-gamma rays and Ethyl Methane sulphonate was assessed by using twenty available genotypes. The experiments were conducted at the Department of Agricultural Botany, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during the summer seasons of 1982 and 1983. The sensitivity of the varieties was assessed based on the direct effect of the mutagens in the generation. The parameters chosen include germination percentage days taken to complete germination# growth rate based on plant height and branching ability# days taken to flowering and maturity and various fruit characters. To assess the induced variability due to gamma rays seeds of population from the two most popular varieties# Pant and Black suryamukhi along with the control were carried forward to the Mg generation and the general effect studied based on various growth metrics including plant height and number of branches and other yield attributing characters. The statistical analysis of the data collected from the first generation clearly demonstrated that there exists a wide variation for sensitivity among the different genotypes of chillies to both the mutagens. In majority of the cases the morphological and yield attributing characters showed a significant reduction in treated population compared to the control. While comparing the effect of the two mutagens it is seen that EMS is more effective in reducing the mean values in growth metrics compared to gamma rays. Delay in germination and growth rate were induced by the mutagens lethality and sterility were induced by both the mutagens in almost all the varieties. Based on lethality and sterility it was possible to classify the varieties as least sensitive moderately sensitive and sensitive varieties.
Analysis of induced variability in generation showed a significant, shift in mean value either in positive or negative direction based on the character under study. This clearly demonstrated that a positive response to selection can be created by gamma rays in chillies.
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