Economics of Production and Marketing of Jute in Katihar District of Bihar
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Date
2020
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Department of Agril. Economics, BAU, Sabour
Abstract
In Bihar jute is still cultivated under traditional practices and modern technologies have still not penetrated in the production process the raw jute is mostly exported to West Bengal as there is lack of jute processing mills in the state. The available literature suggests that there is huge potential of jute cultivation including its enhanced production and productivity in the state, but there is still dearth of scientific literature on this crop. In view this the present investigation was undertaken to study the cost & Return, marketing behaviour and constraints faced by the jute growers in its production and marketing farmers. The study was based on primary data, collected from a sample of 90 jute growers selected through Multi-stage Sampling Technique through Survey Method from a cluster of three villages each from two blocks namely Kadwa and Mansahi of Katihar District. The sample consisted of 32.33 per cent marginal & small farmers, 33.33 per cent semi-medium farmers, 23.33 per cent medium farmers and 11.11 per cent large farmers. The study revealed that average total cost of cultivation of jute was ₹ 57844 /ha, which was highest on large farmers (₹ 60002/ha), followed by marginal & small farmers (Rs 59094/ ha), medium farmers (₹ 57787/ha) and ₹ 55961/ha for semi-medium farmers. The gross income (per ha) obtained was lowest for marginal & small farmers (₹ 74117), while it was highest for large farmers (₹ 100980) with average gross return of ₹ 85940.The return to cost ratio was estimated as 1.48. The Majority of farmers (81.1 %) sold the produce immediately after harvest. As far as choice of market is concerned 56.6 per cent of the farmers sold at their produce at farm gate, 24.4 per cent to Gulab Bagh Mandi, Purnea and 19 per cent of sold at JCI Center. The major constraints in jute production were found to be shortage of labor and cost of labor (ranked as 1st and 2nd) while high pest & disease incidence and problems of weed were 3rd and 4th important constraints. The constraints affecting marketing of jute were shortage of Government Procurement Centers (ranked 1st), no organized market ranked (2nd) and lack of remunerative prices for jute ranked (3rd) with garret score of 55.69, 51.53 and 51.27, respectively. The exploitation by middle-men involved in marketing of raw jute was ranked 4th (GS 47.54).