Influence of plant geometry on performance of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) hybrids in different seasons
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Date
2022
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
An study was undertaken to assess the impact of plant spacing and planting season on the growth and yield attributes of brinjal hybrids during 2020-21 at Vegetable Research Farm and Biochemistry Laboratory of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana and Vegetable Research Farm, Khanaura (Hoshiarpur). The experiment was laid out in factorial split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatment includes the planting seasons i.e. summer, rainy and winter seasons, while the sub plot treatments include the two factors, viz. spacing (67.5 x 45 cm, 90 x 45 cm, 120 x 45 cm, and 135 x 45 cm), and brinjal hybrids (PBH-3, PBH-4, and PBHR-41). Among the three planting seasons, brinjal planted in rainy season gave highest plant height (93.8-98 cm), number of primary branches (5.9-6.1), secondary branches (7.9), plant spread (113.5-130.3 cm), leaf area index LAI (4.0), Photosynthetically active radiation PAR (77.2-78.8 %), least number of days to 50 per cent flowering (66.7-67.5 days), highest number of fruits (27.1), highest average fruit weight (93.6-97.8 g), highest yield/plant (2.3-2.5 kg), yield (531.0-560.9 q/ha) and highest anthocyanin content (14.5-15.2 mg/100 g) at Ludhiana and Khanaura. Summer season crop gave highest phenol content (21.5-22.4 mg/100 g) and highest cost benefit ratio (1:9.10-1:9.67). Among plant spacing the widest spacing (135 x 45 cm) gave the highest plant height (92.5-98.6 cm), number of primary branches (6.1-6.3), number of secondary branches (8.08.4), plant spread (114.6-126.3 cm), LAI (4.0), PAR (79.3-79.8 %), number of fruits (25.2-25.4), average fruit weight (92.3-93.4 g) and highest yield/plant (2.1-2.3 kg) at Ludhiana and Khanaura. The 90 x 45 cm spacing gave the highest phenol content (13.1-13.6 mg/100g) and highest yield (490.1505.1 q/ha) at both the locations. In terms of hybrids, PBHR-41 attained the highest plant height (102.4-105.4 cm), number of primary branches (6.0), number of secondary branches (7.7-8.1), plant spread (113.0-129.9 cm), LAI (4.0), PAR (78.3-79.0 %), fruit weight (120.2-123.2 g) and yield/plant (2.1 kg) at Ludhiana and Khanaura. The phenolic content (19.2-20.3 mg/100 g) and yield (479.4-501.0 q/ha) was highest in hybrid PBH-4 at both the study areas. Interaction between the genetics of a hybrid, growing environment and management affects the crop productivity. Hence this study chalks out the best combination of hybrid, season and spacing for attaining maximum benefits from the crop. In conclusion, for the three hybrids among growth parameters the best combination was rainy season with spacing of 135 x 45 cm, except for plant height which was highest during rainy season at spacing of 120 x 45 cm. Phenological parameters for all the hybrids were best during the rainy season at 120 x 45 cm and 135 x 45 cm. Among the yield parameters, number of fruits per plant and fruit weight was highest for all the hybrids at 135 x 45 cm during rainy season. In case of plant yield it was also highest for all hybrids during rainy season at 120 x 45 cm and 135 x 45 cm spacing. In terms of total yield all three hybrids have highest values for the rainy season crop sown at 120 x 45 cm. As for the quality parameters phenol content was highest during summer season, at spacing 120 x 45 cm for PBH-3 and PBH-4, and at 135 x 45 cm for PBHR-41. Anthocyanin content was highest during rainy season, at 120 x 45 cm for PBH-3 and PBHR-41, and at 135 x 45 cm at PBH-4.
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Gupta, Divya (2022). Influence of plant geometry on performance of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) hybrids in different seasons (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.