Effect of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on vermicomposting efficiency of Eisenia fetida

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dc.contributor.advisorHundal, S.S.
dc.contributor.authorAnkita
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-23T07:16:09Z
dc.date.available2021-08-23T07:16:09Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe advent of nanotechnology has led to the entry of an enormous amount of nanoparticles in the terrestrial environment. Earthworms being the major soil fauna are continuously exposed to these nanoparticles. The present study is focused on the effect of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on vermicomposting efficiency of Eisenia fetida. The worms were exposed to artificial soil spiked with iron oxide nanoparticles of size 30 nm, 100 nm, 30 nm+100 nm; zinc oxide nanoparticles of size 20 nm, 240 nm, 20 nm+240 nm and combination (20 nm+240 nm+30 nm+100 nm) at selected concentrations viz. 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg of soil. The most suitable concentrations (250 mg/kg for 30 nm; 750 mg/kg for 100 nm; 500 mg/kg for 30 nm+100nm; 500 mg/kg for 20 nm; 750 mg/kg for 240 nm; 750 mg/kg for 20 nm+ 240 nm and 500 mg/kg for 20 nm+240 nm+30 nm+100 nm) were selected for further study to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles on the vermicomposting efficiency in Farm Yard Manure when spiked with suitable doses. The size determination of nanoparticles was done through TEM and XRD analysis. However, lacerations (250 mg/kg; 30 nm) and change in colour (750 mg/kg; 100 nm) were observed in earthworms present in iron oxide nanoparticles. The earthworms present in zinc oxide nanoparticles had weak clitellum (500 mg/kg; 20 nm) and large prominent clitellum (750 mg/kg; 240 nm).While evaluating reproductive parameters, the lowest number of cocoons (51.00±0.035), cocoon production rate (0.08±0.001) and number of hatchling per cocoon (1.00±0.213) were recorded in combination of nanoparticles (20 nm+240 nm+30 nm+100 nm; 500 mg/kg). Vermicompost when analyzed for nutrient composition revealed significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of total nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus (%); while a decrease in the levels of pH and total organic carbon content (%) as compared to control. Maximum number of days required to convert substrate to vermicompost were also in this (95±0.043) as compared to control (82±0.014). The inference drawn from the study is that both iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in combination reduce reproductive efficiency and increase vermicomposting duration of Eisenia fetida. However, the physic chemical content of the compost was better than other treatments.en_US
dc.identifier.citationAnkita (2021). Effect of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on vermicomposting efficiency of Eisenia fetida (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810174249
dc.keywordsEisenia fetida, Iron oxide, Nanoparticles, Reproduction, Vermicomposting, Zinc Oxideen_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages68en_US
dc.publisherPunjab Agricultural University, Ludhianaen_US
dc.research.problemEffect of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on vermicomposting efficiency of Eisenia fetidaen_US
dc.subZoologyen_US
dc.themeEffect of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on vermicomposting efficiency of Eisenia fetidaen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titleEffect of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles on vermicomposting efficiency of Eisenia fetidaen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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