SCREENING OF DOGS FOR LEPTOSPIRA USING SANDWICH DOT ELISA
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Date
2004
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES Mannuthy - Thrissur
Abstract
An investigation was carried out in 210 dogs of Thrissur district to assess
the prevalence of leptospirosis using diagnostic techniques like darkfield
microscopy, Sandwich dot ELISA for Leptospira antigen detection, Sandwich
plate ELISA for Leptospira antigen detection and Polymerase chain reaction. Sera
and urine samples were collected from dogs brought to University Veterinary
Hospitals, Kokkalai and Mannuthy that included 109 diseased animals and 101
healthy dogs. Out of the 210 sera samples tested 26 (12.38 per cent) samples, six
(5.94 per cent) out of the 101 samples from healthy dogs and 20 (18.35 per cent)
out of the 109 serum samples from diseased dogs were found positive. Out of the
210 urine samples tested 22 samples (10.48 per cent), eight (7.34 per cent) from
diseased dogs and 14 (13.86 per cent) from healthy dogs were found positive for
pathogenic leptospires. Prevalence of leptospirosis was found higher in male dogs
and in dogs aged from six months to three years. The present finding of healthy
carriers for leptospirosis among dogs shows the need of checking dogs more
carefully for inapparent leptospirosis because of the human health hazard.Evaluation of the comparative efficacy of the four diagnostic tests revealed
darkfield microscopy inferior in detecting leptospires in dogs and the newly
developed, easy to perform and cost effective sandwich dot and plate ELISA for
Leptospira antigen detection that was showing hundred percent agreements with
polymerase chain reaction can be adopted as an effective diagnostic tool for
canine leptospirosis even at field level where sophisticated infrastructure is
lacking.
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