Effect of different paired row arrangement on growth, yield and quality of kharif maize (Zea mays L.)
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Date
2024
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
The present study entitled “Effect of different paired row arrangement on growth, yield and quality of kharif maize (Zea mays L.)” was conducted at Regional Research Station (RRS), Gurdaspur and Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana during kharif 2022. The soil of Regional Research Station, Gurdaspur and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana was clayey loam and sandy loam respectively and pH of soil at both the locations is neutral. The research was conducted in Randomized complete block design having twelve treatments and three replications. The hybrid variety used during research was PMH-13. The treatment comprise of 9 paired rows and 3 conventional methods at standard spacing of 60 cm x 20 cm. The paired rows are at different spacing where intra-paired rows are 20, 30 and 40 cm with inter-paired row distance of 60, 80 and 100 cm. Plant height significantly varied with planting population and paired spacing. The treatment with 20 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing consistently resulted in taller plants at various stages of growth. The treatment with 40 cm intra-row spacing and 100 cm inter-row spacing, which had the lowest population, exhibited significantly thicker stem girth. Days to reach tasseling and silking stages were not affected by different paired row arrangements and population densities. Leaf area index (LAI) was highest in the treatment with 20 cm intrarow spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing, and a population of 125,000 plants ha-1. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) levels were significantly higher in the treatment with 20 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing, attributed to early and complete ground cover. Yield attributes like cob weight was not influenced by the treatments. However, cob length, cob girth, number of grains, and test weight were maximized in the treatment with 40 cm intra-row spacing and 100 cm inter-row spacing, with the lowest population. The highest grain yields were achieved with 20 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing, and a population of 125,000 plants ha-1. Similar yields were obtained with 40 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing, with a population of 100,000 plants ha-1. Nutrient and protein content in the plant were not significantly affected by the treatments. Stover yield was also higher in the treatment with 20 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake were significantly higher for 20 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing due to increased dry matter accumulation. From economic perspective, the treatment with 40 cm intra-row spacing and 60 cm inter-row spacing was the most cost-effective option, with lower cultivation costs and higher net income at both the locations (PAU, Ludhiana and RRS, Gurdaspur).
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Ashesh, Ayush (2024). Effect of different paired row arrangement on growth, yield and quality of kharif maize (Zea mays L.) (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.