EVALUATION OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L.) APHID-BORNE MOSAIC VIRUS
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Date
1999
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Publisher
AAU, Anand
Abstract
The plants affected by cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) showed severe mosaic, dark green vein-banding, veinal chlorosis, inter-veinal chlorosis, blistering and stunting in glass-house conditions. The virus culture was maintained in glass-house by frequent inoculations. The symptoms appeared in 5-8 days. The management of CABMV by plant extract given as Pre-inoculation treatment (PrIT) with phytoextracts of Clerodendrum inerme, Jatropha curcas and Ocimum sanotum had 100% inhibitory effect upto 16 days in glass-house condition. The Mix-inoculation treatment (MIT) with phytoextract of Boerhaavia diffusa (leaf), Datura metal (flower), Duranta plumerie, Eucalyptus globulus, Phyllanthus fraternus, Phasalis minima, Solanum nigrum and Tribulus tenestris had 90% inhibitory effect upto 6 days. Whereas in Post-inoculation treatment (PoIT) with phytoextract of Clerodendrum inerme and Ocimum sanclum had 90% inhibitory effect upto 6 days. The ELISA results showed no reaction upto 6 days and within 12 and 18 days mild and strong reactions respectively, were observed in PrIT but visible symptoms were not observed. The repeated number of sprays (more than one) of pytoextract of Jatropha curcas, Ocimum sanctum and Clerodendrum inerme had 100% inhibition upto 24, 20 and 22 days, respectively. The physical properties of phytoextracts viz., dilution, solvents, pH and temperature were studied. The dilution of Jatropha curcas, Ocimum sanctum and Clerodendrum inerme 1:100, 1:100 and 1:500 respectively were inhibitory. The solvents for Jatropha curcas, Ocimum sanctum were Water, Ethanol and Methanol and for Clerodendrum inerme Water and Ethanol were used. The extracts of Jatropha curcas, Ocimum sanctum and Clerodendrum inerme were found to be active at pH B, 7 and 8, respectively. Similarly, Jatropha curcas, Ocimum sanctum and CJerodendrum inerme were active upto 55, 55 and 60 'C temperature, respectively. The percentage of protein present in leaf of Jatropha curcas, Ocimum sanctum and Clerodendrum inerme were 6.90, 3.85 and 5.95, respectively.
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Keywords
Plant Pathology, Agriculture, EVALUATION