Physiology of Germinating Aerobic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes under Moisture Stress

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dc.contributor.advisorSingh, A. K.
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Ghanshyam
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-13T07:09:23Z
dc.date.available2017-10-13T07:09:23Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) is most important staple food crop in Asia. Rice is the life of more than half of the world population. Globally, rice is grown over an area of 164.80 million hectare with an annual production of 721 million tones having productivity of 4.4 tonnes/hecatres. Over 90% of world’s rice is produced and consumed in Asia, where it provides 35-60% of total calories intake (FAO, 2011-12). In India, rice is cultivated on an area of 45.20 million hectare with an annual production of 102 million tonnes having productivity of 2.26 tonnes/hectares. In Bihar, rice is cultivated an area of 3.33 million hectares with 6.75 million tonnes having average productivity of 2.02 tonnes/hectares (Anonymous, 2012). Aerobic rice is one of the best approaches which can address the problem of drought and limited water. As we know, rice requires approximately 3000-5000 liters of water to grow one kilogram of rice traditionally and the availability of water for agriculture is declining. There is need to save water for rice cultivation in future to overcome the problem of water scarcity. Keeping this in mind present study is undertaken to identify some parameters to screen tolerant genotypes and also to study tolerance mechanism against moisture stress. For this study, different concentration of moisture stress, viz., -5.0, -8.0 and -10.0 (atm.) were prepared using polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). Seeds of twenty five aerobic rice genotypes were disinfected with 0.1% HgCl2 solution for two minutes and then thoroughly washed with distilled water. Twenty five seeds of each genotype were put in each sterilized Petri dish lined with blotting paper. Seeds were treated with three levels of moisture stress, viz,. -5.0, -8.0 and -10.0 (atm.). In control, seeds were treated distilled water. Germination counts were recorded after twenty-four hours and experiment was terminated on 8th day. Based on the germination percentage, vigour index and mobilization efficiency against maximum stress level, tolerant/susceptible aerobic rice genotypes were screened. During the screening of genotype IR 79913- B-176-B-4 and IR 55423- 01 were identified as tolerant, whereas IR 81429- B-31 and IR 80312- 6-B-3-2-B were found susceptible genotypes at -10.0 (atm.). The physiological parameters like germination percentage, germination relative index, vigour index, mobilization efficiency, seedling length, root length, shoot length and shoot/root ratio declined with increasing moisture stress. Tolerant genotypes were significantly superior to susceptible genotypes with regard to all physiological parameters. Among the biochemical parameters reducing, non-reducing and total sugars showed a decreasing trend in all the genotypes. Tolerant genotypes had minimum reduction percentage in comparison with susceptible genotypes. At -10.0 (atm.) stress level, starch content was higher in susceptible genotypes in comparison with tolerant genotypes. Total soluble proteins content showed decreasing trend in tolerant genotypes, whereas increasing in susceptible ones. The proline content showed an increasing trend with increasing moisture stress. However, the percentage increase in proline content was relatively more in tolerant genotypes than susceptible. With regard to total phenols content it increased in tolerant and decreased in susceptible genotypes. The amylase activity showed a decreasing trend with increase in moisture stress. Though, amylase activity was found higher in tolerant genotypes. The protease activity and peroxidase activity increased in tolerant genotypes and decreased in susceptible genotypes. As regard co-relation co-efficient of with germination percentage, these parameters starch and protein were found negatively co-related and the rest of the parameters are positively co-related. Amylase was found non-significant and total sugar was significant, whereas proline, phenol, protease and peroxidase were highly significant. Some of these parameters might be useful for screening/ devolving aerobic rice genotypes against moisture stress.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810033065
dc.keywordsRice, Plant physiology, Moisture stress,en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.pages59+xxiiien_US
dc.publisherRajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)en_US
dc.subPlant Physiologyen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themePhysiological study of aerobic rice under moisture stressen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titlePhysiology of Germinating Aerobic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes under Moisture Stressen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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