Inheritance of gynoecium, yield and quality traits of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2) of cucumber were developed from crossing gynoecious parent (Gy-14) with three commercial varieties (Pusa Uday, Punjab Naveen and Pant Kheera-1) during Feb-May 2017 and September-December 2017 and were evaluated during Feb-May 2018 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to find out the genetics of gynoecium, yield and quality in cucumber. From the ABCD scaling test and three parameter model of joint scaling test, the absence of non-allelic interactions was detected for node at which first female flower appears in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, number of primary branches per plant, fruit diameter in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday, number of fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, yield of marketable fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1 and mineral matter. In most of the traits duplicate type of epistasis was present which will reduce the net gain occurring from heterozygosity due to cancellation of dominance and epistatic effects. Among epistatic interactions, additive × dominance type was higher only for fruit weight in Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, whereas additive × additive type of interaction was observed to be higher for days to first fruit harvest in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday, fruit length and fruit breadth in Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1 suggesting the use of pedigree method for improvement in these traits. In all the remaining traits such as node at which first female flower appears in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday, vine length, days to first fruit harvest in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen and Gy-14 × Pant Kheera-1, fruit diameter in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, fruit weight in Gy-14 × Pusa Uday and Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, number of fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, yield of marketable fruits per plant in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen and ascorbic acid in Gy-14 × Punjab Naveen, dominance × dominance interaction was higher in magnitude, therefore these traits can be improved by heterosis breeding. Based on phenotypic scoring and SSR marker studies, it was observed that gynoecium was controlled by single dominant gene in all the crosses. It is further concluded that the SSR marker, SSR15516, can be used to check the transfer of gynoecium gene in the segregating populations of cucumber.
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