STUDY OF VARIABILITY, CORRELATION, PATH CO-EFFICIENT ANALYSIS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)
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Date
2014-05
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VEGETABLE SCIENCE DEPT., ASPEE COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, NAVSARI
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Study of Variability, Correlation, Path co-efficient analysis and Genetic diversity in Brinjal (Solanum melongen L.)” was carried out in a randomized block design with three replication during rabi 2012-13 at Regional Horticultural Research Station, NAU, Navsari. Thirty-five genotypes were evaluated for 16 quantitative, 5 qualitative and 7 visual characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences for all twenty-one characters under investigation indicating wide range of variability for all the twenty-one characters under study. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation was observed by fruit length : diameter ratio followed by number of fruits per cluster, number of flowers per cluster, total phenols, fruit diameter, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, number of flower per plant, average fruit weight, fresh weight of fruit and length of peduncle. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and genetic
advance as percent of mean were observed for fruit yield per plant, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, peduncle length, fruit length : diameter ratio, fruit length, fruit diameter, total phenols and vitamin C, indicating that phenotypic selection would be effective for genetic improvement in these traits. Correlation analysis revealed that fruit yield per plant was highly significant and positive correlation with number of flowers per cluster, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant and number of branches per plant. Negative and highly significant corralation at genotypic levels with days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering and significant with number of days to first picking. Path coefficient analysis indicated fruit length : diameter ratio had highest positive direct effect on fruit yield followed by number of fruits per plant, fruit diameter, dry matter content of fruit, moisture content of fruit, number of flowers per cluster, fresh weight of fruit, number of branches per plant and days to 1st flowering. Whereas other characters exerted negative direct effect on fruit yield per plant. The genetic diversity was assessed using Mahalanobis's D2 statistics wherein 35 brinjal germplasm grouped in six clusters. Cluster I was the biggest with 30 genotypes and others were solitary clusters. Therefore, it was concluded that the genotypes belonging to these clusters should be inter-crossed in order to generate more variability. Cluster I was most diverse cluster in relation to intra cluster distance.
Among population, all genotypes were moderately resistant except six genotypes for fruit borer infestation. For shoot borer infestation all genotypes were highly resistant except ten genotypes. Whereas two genotypes were resistant against bacterial wilt infection and rest of the genotypes immune.