Studies on methods of raising seedlings during winter and its effect on growth and yield of summer paddy (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2002-01-24
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Department of Agronomy, F/Ag., Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya
Abstract
In this study field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998-99 and 1999-2000 on clay loam Gangetic alluvial soil of West Bengal, at Central Research Farm, BCKV to study the effect of three dates of sowing (December 10, 20 and 30), and ten fertilizer combinations (F0= Control, F1= 60 kg N/ha, F2= 60 kg P2O5/ha, F3= 60 kg K2O/ha, F4= F1 plus F2, F5= F2 plus F3, F6= F1 plus F3, F7= F1 plus F2 plus F3, F8= FYM at the rate of 15 t/ha and F9= F1 plus F2 plus F3 plus F8) on the growth, behavior and mortality of the seedlings under low temperature with respect of cold injury in the nursery bed and also the growth and yield performances of the crop at the main field with seedlings raised under different treatments of rice variety IET-4094 (Khitish). Date of sowing in nursery bed influenced the growth and yield of summer paddy cultivation. Seedlings grown by sowing in nursery bed on December 10 produced significantly more grain yield as compared to those sown on other dates, the lowest grain yield being from those sown on December 30. Seedlings grown with polythene cover during night hours produced higher grain yield than those grown without cover. The plant height, leaf number, chlorophyll content of leaves and nutrient (N, P and K) content in plants were more in covered plants than the uncovered ones. The seedling mortality was found in higher proportion in uncovered bed than that in covered bed. This mortality increased with decrease in atmospheric temperature in uncovered beds. It also entailed disease infestation. Fertilization in the nursery bed with 60-60-60 Kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha and 15 t FYM/ha showed better performance both in the nursery bed as well as in the main field. The higher grain yield with December 10 sown crops with covered seedlings in the nursery bed and fertilization in the nursery bed with 60-60-60 N-P2O5-K2O/ha and 15 t FYM/ha was directly related to generation of tillers, biomass production, leaf area index, crop growth rate, number of panicles, grains/panicle, percentage of filled grain, test weight and NPK uptake.
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Keywords
Agronomy, Summer Paddy, Raising seedling, Growth and yield