EFFECT OF POLYALTHIA LONGIFOLIA AND PIPER BETLE LEAF MEAL AS FEED ADDITIVE IN BROILER CHICKEN
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Date
2017
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
An investigation spread over a period of six weeks was carried out in Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, to study the effect of dietary supplementation of Polyatlhia longifolia (Aranamaram) and Piper betle (Vettila) leaf meal on growth performance, nutrient utilization and cost of production in broiler chicken. Two hundred numbers of day-old straight run commercial broiler chicks (Ven Cobb) were randomly divided into five dietary treatments viz..,T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, each treatments had four replicates of ten chicks each. The five dietary treatments were T1-standard broiler ration (SBR) as per BIS (2007), T2-SBR + 0.1 per cent dried Piper betle leaf meal, T3-SBR + 0.2 per cent dried Piper betle leaf meal, T4-SBR + 0.1 per cent dried Polyalthia longifolia leaf meal and T5-SBR + 0.2 per cent dried Polyalthia longifolia leaf meal in completely randomized design. During 42 days of experimental period, weekly body weight, weekly feed intake and feed conversion efficiency was recorded. At the end of feeding trial four birds from each treatment were slaughtered in order to determine carcass characteristics (live weight, carcass weight, giblet yield, weight of internal organs and dressing percentage) and blood biochemical parameters (total protein, serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium and inorganic phosphorus). A metabolism trial of three days duration was conducted at the end of feeding trial using four birds from each treatment to determine the nutrients availability of experimental rations. The technoeconomics of production per kg body weight gain was also calculated.
The results obtained in the present study indicated no significant difference among different dietary treatments regarding weekly body weight, cumulative weight gain, average daily gain, feed intake, apparent nutrients digestibility, percentage availability of minerals and nitrogen balance, but feed conversion efficiency was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Polyatlhia longifolia and Piper betle leaf meal supplemented group compared to control (T1). There
was no significant difference among the different dietary treatments for serum Ca and inorganic P, glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, carcass characteristics and faecal total viable counts. However, LDL cholesterol was significantly lower in (P<0.01) Polyatlhia longifolia and Piper betle leaf meal supplemented group compared to control (T1). Dietary supplementation of Polyatlhia longifolia and Piper betle leaf meal significantly (P<0.01) reduced AST and ALT enzyme. Moreover, Polyatlhia longifolia and Piper betle leaf meal supplementation resulted in significantly (P<0.01) lower faecal coliform counts and the lowest was observed in group T3 (SBR + 0.2 per cent dried Piper betle leaf meal). Significantly (P<0.05) better protein efficiency ratio, energy efficiency ratio and production efficiency factor was also recorded in group T3. Regarding cost of production, feed cost per kg body weight gain for T5 (SBR + 0.2 per cent dried Polyalthia longifolia leaf meal) was lowest compared to other dietary treatments. On perusal of the overall results, it could be inferred that Polyatlhia longifolia or Piper betle leaf meal at 0.2 per cent level can be effectively used as feed additive to improve feed conversion efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, energy efficiency ratio, liver functions and reduced LDL cholesterol, faecal colifrom counts and cost of production in broiler chicken.
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