Radiographic evaluation of otitis in dogs
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Date
2004
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Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Mannuthy
Abstract
The study was carried out in twelve clinical cases of dogs of either sex with history of affection of ear canal of different breeds and age groups presented to the Veterinary Hospitals of College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences at Mannuthy and Kokkalai to evaluate the radiographic changes associated with otitis.
The animals were subjected to detailed clinical examination to study the type and extent of lesions present. Based on the lesion and the nature of the otic discharge the animals were subjected to radiography of the ear canal to assess the extent of affection to the auditory system.
The study revealed a higher incidence of otitis in German Shepherd Dogs The incidence was more in male dogs than females with the majority of animals below four years of age. The symptoms observed included discharge from the affected ears, pawing and rubbing of the affected ear, shaking of the head, pain on palpation at the base of the ear, tilting of the head to the side of affection, drooping of the affected ear, drooping of the upper lip of affected side and Horner’s syndrome depending upon the severity of the condition.
Physiological values of all the animals were within the normal range. Haematological studies revealed elevation in neutrophil count with corresponding decrease in lymphocyte count.
Gram positive cocci, gram negative bacilli and yeasts were isolated from the otic discharge. Majority of the isolates were gram-positive cocci sensitive to ciprofloxacin.
Otoscopic examination revealed ulceration and erythema of the external ear canal and the state of the tympanic membrane in cases of otitis.
Radiographic changes noticed on dorso-ventral view were opacification of the horizontal and vertical canals and sclerosis of petrous temporal bone. The changes noticed on lateral-oblique view were thickening and lysis of the wall of tympanic bulla. Rostro-caudal open mouth view showed increased radio opacity of tympanic bulla in otitis media. Positive contrast ear canalogram showed reduction in lumen diameter of the horizontal canals indicating obliteration and stenosis suggestive of end stage otitis. Also rupture of tympanic membrane was diagnosed when the contrast medium was evident in the tympanic bulla. In cases where there was involvement of middle ear or extensive calcification of the external ear canal, the recovery with medical management was difficult or slow necessitating surgical management.
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172331